Page 93 - Physiology and Pathophysiology MNU 2024-2025 نظرى

Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 2 Pharm D Physiology and Pathophysiology (MD303)
 influenced by factors, including light–dark patterns, sleep–wake

patterns, and eating.
 After an individual changes time zones  2 weeks for this rhythm to
adjust to the new time schedule; this may account for jet lag.

 secretion of cortisol   levels of glucose, free fatty acids & amino
Stress acids in the blood  metabolic fuels that enable the individual to cope

with the stress

Negative-feedback inhibition by cortisol

Zona reticularis

Adrenal androgens

♠ Predominant androgens produced by adrenal cortex  dehydroepiandrosterone

(DHEA) & androstenedione.

♠ These hormones are weak androgens.

♠ The quantities of these hormones released from the adrenal cortex  very small. 

their androgenic effect in the male is negligible compared to that of the testicular

androgens.

♠ However, the adrenal gland is the major source of androgens in females  stimulate

pubic & axillary (underarm) hair development in pubertal females.

♠ If adrenal androgens are overproduced  masculinization of female.

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