Page 102 - pharma 1 theoretical updated MNU_Neat

Clinical pharmacy 2024/2025 Level 3 Pharm D Pharmacology 1 (PO 502)

3- β- Blockers

➢ must be under medical monitoring & titration of dose & initial exacerbation

➢ it seems counter intuitive to administer drugs with negative inotropic activity to a
patient with HF, but several clinical studies demonstrated:

 improved systolic functioning, has antioxidant (↓ FR)
 reverse cardiac remodeling in patient receiving β-blockers.
These benefits arise in spite of occasional initial exacerbation of symptoms

➢ benefit of β-blockers
1) prevent the changes that occur due to chronic activation of the sympathetic nervous
system [↓HR, inhibiting the release of renin]

2) prevent the direct deleterious effects of NE on the cardiac muscle fibers ➔
↓remodeling, hypertrophy ➔cell death

Carvedilol and long-acting metoprolol

✔ β-Blockade recommended for all patients with heart disease except
Uses those who are at high risk but have no symptoms,

who are in acute HF )no β blocker)
✓ ↓ Morbidity and mortality associated with HF.
Advantages
Hypertensive will obtain additional benefit from the β-blocker

✓ started at low doses.
Dosage
✓ gradually titrated to effective doses based on patient tolerance. .

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