Page 69 - Pharmaceutics IV (02-06-01305)
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Parenterals: Excipients & additives
pH
• pH considerations:
➢ Large-volume parenterals should be adjusted for physiological
pH to avoid phlebitis.
➢ In practice, many LVP are acidic. For slightly acidic large-volume
infusion solutions which have low buffering capacity and are infused
over a prolonged duration, they show low risk of local inflammation
reactions and phlebitis.
131
Parenterals: Excipients & additives
pH
• Examples
The pH of a parenteral formulation can be adjusted using
acidifying or alkalizing agents. Acidifying agents include
hydrochloric, citric and sulphuric acids. Alkalizing agents include
sodium bicarbonate, sodium citrate and sodium hydroxide.
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Salma E. EL-Habashy
