Page 162 - Pharm.Org.Chem I 05-PC101 (1)
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REACTIONS OF BENZENE
• Benzene ring serves as a source of electrons, so, benzene
reacts with electrophiles (E+) in a substitution reaction
called:
Aromatic Electrophilic Substitution reactions
Nitration NO2 Cl, Br Halogenation
Sulphonation SO3H R / Friedel-Crafts
RC=O alkylation /
acylation
*Electrophiles are electron-deficient, electron seeking reagents, and typically
have a positive charge (cations) or are polarizable molecules that can develop
an electron-deficient centre.
2025-026 Dr. Marwa El-Wakil 21
Electrophilic Aromatic
Substitution Reaction (SE2 Ar)
Mechanism
Overall
reaction
General R.D.S Fast
mechanism
2025-026 Arenium 22
cat i o nDr.M ar wa El-Wakli
160
