Page 55 - MNU-PM502- Pharmaeutical Microbiology Theoritical Book
P. 55
Pharm D- Clinical Pharmacy Program Third Level Pharmaceutical Microbiology& Antimicrobials (PM 502)
Microbial spoilage of pharmaceutical products
The formulation of an effective medicine which is both stable and acceptable to
the patient may necessitate:
the use of a wide variety of ingredients in a complex
physical state which could create conditions leading to the
survival and replication of contaminant microorganisms
A medicine may be considered microbiologically spoiled if it contains either:
1. Low levels of acutely pathogenic microorganisms
2. High levels of opportunist pathogens
3. Toxic microbial metabolites
4. Microbial growth resulting in physical or chemical deterioration of the
product
Pharmaceutical ingredients subject to microbial attack
Thickening and
Surfactant Preservatives
suspending agents
Humectants and co- Sweetening, flavoring Active ingredients
solvents and coloring agents
Oils and emulsions
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