Page 81 - MNU microbiology theoritical 2025

General Microbiology & Immunology (PM 401) Second level Semester 4 2024/2025

What is the difference between Eukaryotic & Prokaryotic?

Property Eukaryotic cells Prokaryotic cells

Size Large cells (10 -100) µm Small cells (1 -10) µm

Nucleus True nucleus separated from True nucleus is absent,
cytoplasm by nuclear membrane Instead, nucleoid is present

Cytoplasm Present containing many Present but lacking most
organelles organelles
Cell division Miosis Binary fission.

Sexual systems Present Absent

DNA 2-46 chromosome only one chromosomes

Ribosome 80 s ribosome, consisting of 60 s 70 s ribosome, consisting of
and 40 s subunits 30 s and 50 s subunits

Cell membrane Sterols present Sterols absent except in
Mycoplasma

Cell wall very rarely, if present they have present and it is very
simple chemical nature complex in nature (Muramic
acid; teichoic acid)

Spores sexual and asexual reproductive Endospores
spores
Endoplasmic Present Absent
reticulum,
Mitochondria
Examples Fungi Bacteria

General Microbiology & Immunology (PM 401) theoretical handbook Page 70