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Appendix 2: Using GIS and GPS in Forests Audits

             Because of this limitation, it is useful to try and get already
             available data. For example, BPK uses Spatial data of land
             coverage  can  be  obtained  from  The  Ministry  of  Forestry,
             Land Sat imagery is obtained from LAPAN (National Institute
             of Aeronautics and Space), and Google Earth is used wher-
             ever possible.
          •   Hardware.  Building  a  complete  GIS  laboratory  is  very
             expensive. BPK has started using GIS using a laptop with
             only 2GB DDRAM.
          •   Software. A software license is expensive. But, there is
             open-source GIS software. BPK opted to use one single
             user licensed software, and relies on open-source software
             for the rest.
          •   People. The use of GIS requires specific skills and not all
             auditors can use it. BPK has five auditors who have capa-
             bilities  of  using  GIS,  one  auditor  is  GIS  Manager,  one
             auditor is GIS Analyst, and the rest are GIS Operators.                                              49
          •   Methodologies. The methodologies depend largely on
             the availability of data and auditors creativity during data
             analysis.  BPK  always  uses  intersect  method  during  GIS
             analysis for forestry.
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