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cells, precancers, and basal cell UV rays. Wearing sunscreen with a
cancer. This is caused by the higher SPF value will reduce
radiation of electromagnetic waves exposure to ultraviolet rays more
on UV light. The wavelength of the and longer. Based on the tropical
UV spectrum is 100 to 400 nm. This climate in Indonesia, it is
spectrum is divided into three, recommended that a good SPF
namely: UV-A (315-400 nm), UV-B value is above SPF 15, namely SPF
(280-315 nm), and UV-C (290-400 30+ (Ayu et al., 2022).
nm) (Marbun et al., 2023). However, The SPF content can be
UV-C rays cannot reach the Earth's obtained from mango leaves extract
surface because most of them are which contains flavonoids and
already absorbed by the ozone shows high SPF values, namely
layer in the atmosphere. 5,556, 16,675, and 22,243, with
Meanwhile, UV-A and UV-B rays medium and ultra protection
are able to penetrate the classifications (using the UV-Vis
atmosphere and can cause damage spectrophotometry method).
to the skin. (Sahla et al., 2024). Phenolic compounds from mango
Because the lips are often exposed leaves extract can be used as active
directly to UV rays, inadequate ingredients in sunscreens because
protection can increase these risks they can resonate when exposed to
further. UV rays. Flavonoids, as part of
One of the efforts to overcome phenolic compounds, absorb UV
this problem is to use lip balm that light and have photoprotective
contains sunscreen. Lip balm is a properties, including UV absorption
cosmetic product that can protect (Lisnawati et al., 2019). Mango
the lips from excessive exposure to leaves extract is a potential source
UV rays. The main ingredients of lip of minerals such as nitrogen,
balm are wax, fat, and oil. Lip balm potassium, phosphorus, iron,
is applied to the lips as a moisturizer sodium, calcium, magnesium,
so that the lips do not dry out and vitamins A, B, E, and C (Kumar et
crack easily. (Mayuri et al., 2014). al., 2021). In addition, other
Lip balm provides a layer of oil on ingredients used in the manufacture
the surface of the lips that serves as of Manglow lip balm are beeswax,
a lip protector from the weather. So, virgin coconut oil, and cocoa butter.
lip balm can also be said to be a The content and function of these
preparation used on the lips by ingredients are as follows.
forming a layer of oil on the surface Beeswax contains 70% esters,
of the lips that can provide such as various monoesters,
protection from outside influences. diesters, hydroxylation esters,
(Fithri et al., 2022). hydrocarbons, and free fatty acids.
The effectiveness of sunscreen is This content causes ±beeswax to
based on the Sun Protection Factor tend to be wax rather than fat.
(SPF) value, which indicates the Beeswax is a natural ingredient that
ability of sunscreen products to is very beneficial for lip health
protect the skin from exposure to because of its properties that
