Page 700 - Makino,Tsutusi.DictionaryOfIntermediateJGrammar

626 APPENDIX 2

Appendix 2 Compound Verbs

A compound verb is a verb that consists of two verbs creating a specific mean-
ing not always predictable from the meanings of each element. The compound
verb has only one accentual peak and no other elements can enter between the
two verbs. The compound verb is either Vte + V as in 4- 'to buy s.t.
for s.o.,' 'to buy s.t. on an experimental basis,' k@iG& 'to buy s.t.
in advance,' or Vrnasu + V. In this segment only the latter will be exemplified
and explained.
The Vmasu to which another verb is affixed acquires additional meaning
such as 'to start to do s.t.,' 'to finish doing s.t.,' 'to continue to do s.t.,' etc. On
one hand there are some compound verbs that are so productive (i.e., they can
be almost freely produced according to the pattern) that they are not listed in a
dictionary. For example, Vrnasu + hajirneru 'to begin to do s.t.,' Vrnasu +
sugiru 'to do s.t. too much' are not listed in a dictionary. On the other hand,
there are other verb compounds that are so unproductive that they are listed in
a dictionary. For example, tori-kaeru 'to exchange,' kaki-naosu 'to rewrite,'
etc.
The following are a list of frequently used compound verbs with the pattern
of V1 (= Vmasu) + Vz. For each compound verb given below the basic mean-
ing is given in brackets and the conjugation type is given in parentheses, fol-
lowed by English glosses (which are omitted when there is no close equiva-
lent). The symbols v.i. and v.t. stand for an intransitive verb and a transitive
verb, respectively. Generally speaking, the entire compound verb is an intran-
sitive verb, if V1 is intransitive, and a transitive verb if VI is transitive.
h -
,A a 3 v.i. / v.t. [to do s.t. mutually] (Gr. 1) do s.t. together; do s.t. with
each other
26: IPAti tbC3
a. ~~f+77 < ;k&x, %L&+->T < ;k&hfl$%~~~l?,
(A person who will rejoice with you and grieve with you is a true
friend.)
a? P 3v b,
b. Ihbbj\S ts t t C%b1f+7Tbako
(The two were arguing with each other over a trifle.)