Page 678 - NGTU_paper_withoutVideo

Modern Geomatics Technologies and Applications

c. d.
Fig. 2. Used data layers: a. Tabriz Faults, b. Population of urban blocks, c. Location of Tabriz hospitals,
d. Buildings construction materials

3. Methodology
To calculate the number of aid workers, the study area must be simulated. To pursue this purpose, firstly the environment
was simulated in terms of 7 magnitude earthquake and the amount of destruction of buildings as well as the number of injured
people were calculated. Then, agents were simulated based on their attributes and behaviors and finally, the state of the
environment was calculated for a different number of aid agents.

3.1. Simulation of a 7-magnitude earthquake in Tabriz
Various formulas have been proposed to calculate the magnitude of an earthquake in correspondence with the position of
the earthquake [16, 17]. In this paper, the formula 1 was used for Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) quantification which was
developed Crespellani et al. [18]. To apply the effect of the Earth's type, Equation 2 presented by Borcherdt [19] was used.
The modified MMI is calculated according to Equation 3.

= 8.6 + 1.48 − 6.4 log( + 14) (1)
= 3.48 log( ) (2)
∗
= + (3)
In these three equations, M is the magnitude of the earthquake; d is the distance from the earthquake happening location
and is the amplification in the velocity band. Site amplification factors ( and are used for short and long periods,
respectively) determine local soil amplification ability based on five soil classes developed by Shafiee and Azadi [20] for
different soil class types (Table 1).
Table 1 Local factors developed by the new standards.
Soil Class A B C D E
Fa 0.80 1.00 1.25 1.25 1.25
Fv 0.80 1.00 1.40 2.25 3.50
The obtained MMI determines the magnitude of the earthquake at the location of each building and can be used to
determine the damage.

3.2. Calculation of the number of destroyed buildings and injured people
Estimating the seismic hazard for different parts of the world requires a number of different methods and
parameters [6]. After an earthquake, damage estimation is generally examined using remote sensing systems like
synthetic aperture radar (SAR) [21]. Various methods can be used to predict an earthquake before it occurs. The
relationship between the magnitude of an earthquake and the amount of damage happened in buildings is not
always same, even though the buildings look similar. Various factors including the method of construction in

5