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‫ﻭﻗﻔﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﻮﺍﻗﻒ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﻌﻻﻗﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺘﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻨﻴﺔ‬                                                          ‫‪-٠‬ﺓ ﺓﺏ‪:‬‬

‫ﻭﻟﻘﺪ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺷﻴﺦ ﺻﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﺮﻟﻮﺳﻝ »ﺑﺄﻥ ﺃﺟﺪﺍﺩﻩ ﺗﺮﻛﻮﺍ ﺍﺮﺤﺒﻟﻦﻳ ﻭﺍﺗﺠﻬﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ‬
‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻭﺑﺪﺃﻭﺍ ﻣﻤﺎﺭﺳﺔ ﻧﺸﺎﻃﻬﻢ ‪ 2‬ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ« ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺃﺗﻰ ﺇﻰﻟ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺎﻉ ﻣﻦ ﺃﺎﻣﻦﻛ ﺃﺧﺮﻯ‪ .‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ »ﺍﻮﻜﻟﻮﻟﻞﻴﻧ ﻲﻠﺑ‪،‬ﺍ)ﻕ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮﻩ ﺻﻔﺤﺔ(‪ )37‬ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺗﺮﺳﻞ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻣﺴﻘﻂ ﻑ ﻃﻠﺐ ﺻﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ‪ .‬ﺮﻈﻧﺍ ﻟﻤﺎ ﺎﺘﻤﻳﺯﻭﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺓ‪ 2‬ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ‬
‫ﻛﻤﺎ ﺫﻛﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﺧﺬﺓ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺘﻲ ﻔﻴﻠﺧﺔ ﺷﺎﻫﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻧﻢ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺃﺧﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻘﺒﻄﺎﻥ ﺃﻦﻟ ﻓﺎﻟﻴﺮﺯ (ﺃﺑﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺴﻨﺪﺑﺎﺩ‪،‬‬
‫ﺹ‪ )285‬ﺃﻥ ﺻﻨﺎﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ ﻗﺪﻣﻮﺍ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺴﻘﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻣﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺠﺴﻢ ﻭﻟﻨﺠﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻭﻳﻘﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮﺭ ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺏ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻲ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻫﻤﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰﺍﻹﻃﻻﻕ ﻭﺃﺭﺗﻘﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬
‫ﺑﻔﻀﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﻋﻴﻞ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ ﺣﺘﻰ ﺑﻠﻎ ﺃﺳﻄﻮﻟﻬﺎ ﺣﻮﺍﻟﻲ ‪ 800‬ﻨﻴﻔﺳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺍﻷﻧﻮﺍﻉ‪ .‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺃﺷﻬﺮ‬
‫ﺳﻔﻦ ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﺆﻟﺆ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺍﺷﺘﻬﺮﺕ ﺑﻬﺎ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺠﺎﻟﺒﻮﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﺴﻨﺒﻮﻙ‬
‫ﻭﺍﻮﺸﻟﻲﻋ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻘﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺘﻴﻞ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻣﻦ ﺳﻔﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﻐﻠﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻮﻡ ﺃﻳﻀًﺎ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺳﻔﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ (ﺍﻟﻘﻄﺎﻋﺔ) ﻭﺍﻟﻤﻌﻨﻴﺔ ﺑﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺒﻀﺎﺋﻊ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻴﻨﺎﺀ ﻵﺧﺮ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﻣﻴﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ‪،‬‬

                                          ‫ﻭﻫﻲ ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﻐﻮﺹ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻠﺆﻟﺆ(‪.3‬‬

                                                             ‫ﺍﻟﺴﻔﺮ ﻭﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﻱ ‪،‬‬

‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺎﺩﺓ ﺳﻔﻦ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﻮﺏ ﻣﻦ ﺃﻫﻞ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺰﺑﺎﺭﺓ ﺯﻳﺎﺭﺓ ﻣﺴﻘﻂ‬
                                         ‫ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺓ ﻭﺃﺑﻮ ﺷﻬﺮ‪ ،‬ﻭ‪ 2‬ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺮﻥ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮ‬

‫ﺑﺪﺃﻭﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ ﺍﻟﻬﻨﺪ ﻭﺍﻹﺑﺤﺎﺭ ﺇﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ﻟﺘﻔﺎﺩﻱ ﺩﻓﻊ ﺭﺳﻮﻡ ﻟﻤﺴﻘﻂ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻘﺪ ﺳﺎﻫﻢ‬
‫ﺃﺳﻄﻮﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﺘﻮﺏ ﺑﺪﻭﺭ ﻛﺒﻴﺮ‪ 2‬ﺍﻟﺘﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﺨﻠﻴﺞ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺣﺘﻜﺮﻭﺍ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻘﻂ‬
‫ﻭﻣﻮﺍﻧﻰ ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ ﺍﻟﻌﺮﺑﻲ ﺍﻷﺧﺮﻯ ﺇﺿﺎﻓﺔ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﺑﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﻘﻂ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﺼﺮﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺿﺤﻰ ﻟﻠﻌﺘﻮﺏ‬

‫)‪yadh in centeral Arabia (1865) Cambridge: Oleander Press, (١‬ا‪Pelly, Lwis, Report on joumey to R‬‬

‫‪(1968) P 73‬‬

             ‫(‪ )2‬ﻳﻌﻘﻮﺏ ﻳﻮﺳﻒ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﻲ‪ .‬ﺻﻨﺎﻋﺔﺍﻟﺴﻔﻦ‪ ٠٠،‬ﺹ ‪٠٤٠١٤،٢٥٠٢١‬‬
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