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‫ﻣﻠﺘﻘﻰ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﺦ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭﺍﻹﺳﻻﻣﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‬

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‫ﻳﺴﻴﻞ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻋﺴﻞ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮ ﻟﻴﺘﺠﻤﻊ ﻓﻲ ﺮﺑﺔﻛ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻗﻴﻤﺘﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺎﺩﺓ ﺎﻨﺑﺀ ﺃﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻴﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ‬

‫ﺟﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺪﺣﻯ ﺍﻟﺰﻭﺍﻳﺎ‪ ،‬ﻭﻓﻲ ﺍﺔﻬﺠﻟ ﺍﺮﻐﻟﻴﺑﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻝ‪ ،‬ﻭﻲﻫ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻮﻠﺠﻤﻟﺏ ﻣﻦ‬

‫ﻳﻘﻊ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺧﻞ ﺍﻟﺮﻠﻠﻠﺋ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻦ‪ ،‬ﻭﺗﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺰﺟﺮﻳﺓ ﺟﺪﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﺍﺖﻠﻤﻌﺘﺳ ﻓﻲ ﻣﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﻓﻲ‬

‫ﺃﺑﺮﺍﺝ (ﺭﺑﻊ ﺑﺮﺝ) ﻟﺤﻤﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﻭﺍﺪﻟﺎﻓﻉ ﻪﻨﻋ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﻌﺼﺮﻦﻳ ﺍﻟﺪﻟﻮﻧﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﺎﻳﻠﻮﺳﻲ ﻭﻫﻲ‬
‫ﻭﻫﻨﺎﻙ ﺎﻘﻣﺪﻋ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮ ﺗﻤﺘﺪ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺧﻞ ﻮﺘﺴﻣﺔﻳ ﻭﺔﻤﻈﺘﻨﻣ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﺒﺪﻭﺍ ﺃﻧﻬﺎ ﺍﻧﺘﺰﻋﺖ‬

‫ﻭﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﺒﻪ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺮﻧﺎﻫﺍ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﺎﺒﻤﻟﻲﻧ ﻟﺘﻜﺴﻰ ﺑﻬﺎ ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻮﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻻﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺸﺮﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻦ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺭﺝ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺨﻠﻴﺞ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻮﻌﺗﺩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻟﻌﺼﻮﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺄﺮﺧﺓ‪ ،‬ﻭﻒﺼﻧ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻟﻌﻠﻬﺎ ﺎﻛﺖﻧ ﺼﺼﺨﻣﺔ ﻟﺠﻠﻮﺱ ﺍﺮﺤﻟﺍﺱ ﻭﻳﺘﻀﺢ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻘﺎﻳﺎ ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ‬

‫ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻈﻬﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻴﻞ ﺃﺭﺔﻠﺿ ﺎﻤﺸﻟﺍﺔﻴﻟ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻦ ﻭﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﺸﺎﻫﺪﺗﻪ‬

‫ﺍﺎﻨﻔﻟﺀ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺍﻮﻟﻂﺳ ﻭﻛﺄﻪﻧ ﺮﺠﻣﻯ ﺃﻭ ﺷﺒﻪ ﺎﻨﻗﺓ ﻣﻦ ﺟﻬﺔ ﺍﺮﺤﺒﻟ ﺃﻥ ﺟﺪﺭﺍﻥ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻦ ﻗﺪ‬

‫ﺗﺴﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﻴﺎﻩ ﺇﻟﻰ ﻓﺘﺤﺔ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻋﺪﺕ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﺻﻤﻤﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﻴﺌﺔ ﻭﻧﻈﺎﻡ ﺣﺼﻮﻥ‬

‫ﻭﺇﺎﻜﺣﻡ ﺎﺑﻮﻟﻂﺳﻤﺗﻣﺎﺎ ً‪ ،‬ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻔﺘﺤﺔ ﻫﻲ ﺍﻷﻮﻣﻦﻴﻳ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺃﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻨﻤﻂ‬

‫ﺃﻧﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻟﺤﻔﺮ ﺑﺜﺮ ﻟﺘﺰﻭﻳﺪ ﺍﺔﻌﻠﻘﻟﺎﻤﺑ‪ .‬ﺍﺎﻤﻌﻤﻟﺭﻱ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺰﻧﻄﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﺫﺍ ﺳﻠﻤﻨﺎ ﺟﺪﻻً‬

‫ﺘﺤﺗﺝﺎ ﺇﻪﻴﻟ ﻣﻦ ﺎﻣﺀ ﺮﺸﻟﺍﺏ ﻓﻲ ﺃﻭﺎﻗﺕ ﺬﻬﺑﺍ ﺍﻟﺮﺃﺱ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺍﻻﺭﻔﺗﻉﺎ ﺍﺮﻘﺘﻟﻲﺒﻳ‬

‫ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻦ ﺳﻴﻜﻮﻥ ﺛﻤﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺃﻣﺘﺎﺭ ﻭﻛﺴﻮﺓ‬ ‫ﺮﻌﺗﻠﻠﺿ ﺎﺼﺤﻠﻟﺯ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻳﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺎﻨﺑﺀ ﺍﻦﺼﺤﻟ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻥ ﺇﻟﻰ ﺁﺧﺮ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺟﻬﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻤﻘﻄﻮﻋﺔ ﺑﺪﻗﺔ ﻋﺎﻟﻴﺔ‬

‫ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﺤﻟﺔﻟﺎ ﻭﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺬﻟﻱ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﻒ ﻭﺇﺎﻬﻧ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ ﻣﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﻭﻧﺼﻒ ﻭﺃﺳﻮﺍﺭ‬

‫ﻪﻴﻠﻋ‪ .‬ﻴﻓﻻﻆﺣ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺍﺪﺠﻟﺭﺍﻥ ﻗﺪ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻦ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﻫﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺪﻬﺗﺖﻣ ﻤﺗﻣﺎًﺎ ﻭﺍﺾﻌﺒﻟ ﺍﻵﺧﺮ ﻛﺎﻟﺠﺪﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﺘﺔ ﺑﻞ ﻫﻲ ﻣﺰﻭﺩﺓ ﺑﻔﺘﺤﺎﺕ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬

‫ﺍﺮﺸﻟﻲﻗﻻ ﺰﻳﺍﻝ ﻳﺤﺘﻔﻆ ﺑﺒﻌﺾ ﺃﺰﺟﺍﺀﻩ ﻳﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﺪﺍﻓﻌﻮﻥ ﻉ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﻦ ﺃﺛﻨﺎﺀ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺮﺗﻔﻊ ﺇﻟﻲ ﻮﺣﺍﻰﻟ ﻣﺘﺮﻳﻦ ﺗﻘﺮﻳ ًﺒﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻫﺠﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﻭ ﺃﻭ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺍﻟﺤﺼﺎﺭ‪.‬‬

‫ﻭﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻌﺐ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻬﻦ ﺑﻨﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﺴﻘﻮﻑ‬ ‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﺍﻷﺭﺽ‬

‫ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﻋﻦ ﻮﻤﻟﺍﺍﺩ ﺍﺪﺨﺘﺴﻤﻟﺔﻣ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺎﺀ ﻓﻬﻲ ﺃﻭﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺃﻋﻤﺪﺓ ﻣﺰﻳﻨﺔ ﺑﻌﻘﻮﺩ ﺃﻭ ﻗﺒﺎﺏ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺎﺭﺓ ﻭﺍﻟﺠﺺ ﻮﺑﻪﺟ ﻋﺎﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﻳﻻﺣﻆ ﺃﻥ ﻟﻌﺪﻡ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺪﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺫﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻴﻦ‬

‫ﺍﺮﺠﺤﻟ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻡ ﺃﻣﺎ ﺃﻥ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﺘﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻵﺛﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺸﻔﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻗﻊ ﺍﻷﺛﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺇﻥ‬

‫ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺮﻱ ﻗﻄﻌﺖ ﻛﻴﻔﻤﺎ ﺍﺗﻔﻖ ﻣﻦ ﺭﺟﺢﺍﻷﺛﺎﺭﻳﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻧﺴﻴﻮﻥ ﻓﻜﺮﺓ ﺃﻥ‬

‫ﻣﺤﺎﺟﺮ ﺍﺮﺤﺒﻟﻦﻳ ﻭﺃﻒﻠﺿ ﺍﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﻧﺔ ﺃﻭ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻑ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻐﻄﺎﺓ ﺑﺴﻘﻮﻑ ﻔﻴﻔﺧﺔ‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﻻﻁ ﺃﻭ ﺍﺺﺠﻟ ﻟﺘﻜﻮﻥ ﺍﻞﻜﺸﻟ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﻡ ﻣﺤﻤﻮﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺽ ﺍﺗﺨﺬﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺬﻭﻉ‬

‫ﻟﻠﺠﺪﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺃﻭ ﻛﺘﻞ ﺃﺧﺮﻱ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺤﺠﺮ ﺍﻟﺠﻴﺮﻱ ﺍﻟﻨﺨﻴﻞ‪.‬‬