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Field Efficacy and Safety in Pigs of Bacterin Vaccine (serotype 2,4,5)
against Infection of Swine Pleuropneumonia in Thai Pig Farming
1*
2
1
R. Kitchodok , I. Vongareesawat , A. Buakhiew ,G. García Sánchez 3
1 Technical and marketing Swine, HIPRA co., ltd (Thailand)
2 Swine Sales Representative, HIPRA co., ltd (Thailand)
3 Swine Business Unit Laboratorios Hipra, S.A. (Spain)
*Corresponding author (ruangurai. kitchodok@hipra.com)
This field condition in Farm 1 and Farm 2 displayed bacterin vaccine
INTRODUCTION significantly improved pig performance and gross profit more than
OMP and purified APX toxoid vaccine as shown in Table 1 and Table 2.
Swine pleuropneumonia, caused by Actinobacillus
pleuropneumoniae (APP), is an economically significant Table 1. Production index in fattening pigs over a 3-month period after
respiratory disease in all ages of pig (1,2). Generally, APP is using bacterin vaccine instead of OMP and purified APX toxoid (A)
uncommon in breeder pigs unless they are naïve, or disease (Farm 1)
triggered by PRRS or swine flu. In cases of chronic and severe Production index 1 Bacterin vaccine A Diff
symptoms, availability of high efficacy of vaccine could maximize
No. of pig 3,298 3,319 -
benefit farms facing the high mortality rate and help to reduce
Weight gain (kg) 82.84 a 72.46 b +10.38
antibiotic usage (3). There are 18 known serotypes of APP, with 1,
ADG (g/d) 673.4 a 649.6 b +23.8
5, 9 and 11 being the most virulent (4). In Thailand, serotype 5 is
FCR 2.66 a 2.77 a -0.11
the most prevalent in pig farming.
Feed cost/kg (THB) 33.44 a 34.59 b -1.15
The preferred vaccine prevented APP, which has good safety
(0.94 EUR) (0.97 EUR)
and few side effects even at the higher dose than exactly used for
Pig loss (%) 10.64 a 11.52 b -0.88
bacterins and improve the protection against the homologous
Wean-Slaughter (d) 123 a 125 a 2
serotype of APP. Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) type A, being
thus considered as the secondary opportunistic agent, is widely 1 a,b superscripts indicate statistically significant differences within main effect (p ≤ 0.05)
isolated from pneumonic lesions in pigs (5).
Table 2. Production index in fattening pigs over a 3-month period after
Hence, our purpose was to evaluate the potential of the field
using bacterin vaccine instead of OMP and purified APX toxoid (A)
safety and efficacy of vaccine consisting of APP (serotype 2,4,5)
and P. multocida type A in grower-finisher pigs in Thailand (Farm 2)
comparing to outer membrane protein (OMP) and purified APX Production Index 1 Bacterin vaccine A Diff
toxoid-based vaccine.
No. of pig 12,600 12,618 -
MATERIALS AND METHODS Lung lesion (%) 6.35 a 13.19 b -6.84
Mortality rate (%) 4.67 a 5.97 b -1.3
This study was conducted in two commercial farms at ADG (g/d) 654.35 a 631.83 b +22.52
Ratchaburi province, farrow to finish unit during 2018-2019. FCR 2.98 a 2.96 a +0.02
FCG (baht/kg) 38.82 a 39.59 b -0.77
FARM 1 FARM 2
1 a,b superscripts indicate statistically significant differences within main effect (p ≤ 0.05)
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
To our knowledge, this study indicated that vaccination with vaccine
1,200 sows 15,000 sows consisting of APP (serotype 2,4,5) and P. multocida type A appeared
APP Serotype 5 APP Serotype 5 more safety and more efficient against APP infection and reducing lung
lesion than OMP and purified APX toxoid-based vaccines.
Bacterin vaccine (n = 3,298) Bacterin vaccine (n = 12,600) Generally, the advantage of bacterin vaccines could protect given by
this type of vaccine is serotype specific. Therefore, a good diagnosis is
OMP & purified APX toxoid- OMP & purified APX toxoid- needed for farm owner or veterinarian should know which serotype is
based vaccine (n = 3,319) based vaccine (n = 12,618)
involved in farm and affects farm income.
There is no guarantee all types of APP vaccines will last a lifetime
Safety test (Clinical sign observation, 3dpv.)
and eliminate the APP organism from tonsils of reservoir pigs.
Efficacy test (Production parameters) Additionally, vaccination against APP should be used as part of a
disease prevention procedure that should be addressing the farm
Statistical analysis (SPSS version 22.0)
management factors and medication program.
RESULTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
No clinical signs and pathological findings of two-shot of bacterin The authors would like to thank to commercial swine farm at
vaccine in vaccinated pigs was observed in Farm 1 (0/3,298) and Ratchaburi province, Thailand co-operatives for providing retrospective
Farm 2 (0/12,600). swine production parameters and their encouragement.
Clinical effects after using OMP and purified APX toxoid:
REFERENCES
st
Farm 1: 1 shot, 1.15% (38/3,319)
(Depression, dyspnea and vomiting) 1. Frey et al., 1993. J Clin Microbiol. 139: 1723-1728.
nd
2 shot, 0.6% (20/3,319)
2. Pohl et al., 1983. Int. J Syst Bacteriol. 33: 510- 514
(Depression)
3. Lekakul et al., 2019. Vet and Anim Sci. 1-12.
st
Farm 2: 1 shot, 0.33% (42/12,618) 4. Blackall et al., 2002. Vet. Microbiol. 84: 47‐52.
nd
2 shot, 0.17% (21/12,618) 5. Oliveira Filho et al., 2015. Pesq Vet Bras. 35: 716-724.
