Page 7 - Poster presentation KVAC 22

Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bacteria isolated

from dogs and cats submitted at the Veterinary Teaching

Hospital, Khon Kaen University during 2017-2019

Jeerasak Khlongkhlaeo, Pattara-anong Buppata, Manassanan Borisutpeth, and Pithai Kanbutra
*

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Thailand; Corresponding Author
*

INTRODUCTION RESULTS

Infectious diseases remain a significant health 1. Bacterial isolation:

problem in pets and become a major reason for 1.1) 1,070 bacterial strains of 16 genera from 806 samples were isolated.

massive antimicrobial therapy. Moreover, prudent : gram positive bacteria = 40.1% and gram negative bacteria = 59.9%

antimicrobial usage, especially in the small veterinary 1.2) The predominant bacteria were Staphylococcus spp (26.4%)

clinic, has often been neglected and remains out of followed by Escherichia coli (14.6%), Streptococcus spp (13.7%),

control resulting from a lack of regulated guideline or Proteus spp (8.7%), Pseudomonas spp (8.2%) (Table 1 and figure 1).

legal restriction [1, 2]. Bacterial culture combined 2. Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns:

with sensitivity testing (C/S) for individual animals is 2.1) Most of isolated bacteria were strongly susceptible to aminoglycosides (70-

recommended as a best practice for antimicrobial 99%), except Streptococci (26.9%) (Table 2 and figure 2).

treatment. In this regard, a successful antibiotic 2.2) Staphylococci and Streptococci were moderately to highly susceptible (61-

therapy will reduce the emergence of antimicrobial 97%) to almost all of antibiotics tested, except sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

resistance [2]. Nevertheless, the antibiotic sensitivity and enrofloxacin (45-60%) (Table 2 and figure 3).

profile of pathogens during such a period may be 2.3) The frequent Enterobacteriaceae bacteria was susceptible to amoxicillin-

used as an appropriate alternative to choosing an clavulanate by 62-83%, while slightly lower sensitive (<60%) to enrofloxacin,

appropriate antibiotic if C/S is not practical. This doxycycline, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and ampicillin (Figure 3).

study was aimed to demonstrate the occurrence of 2.4) Pseudomonas spp (89-95%) was susceptible to aminoglycosides but

bacteria isolated from clinical specimens collected exhibited markedly low susceptible (<10%) to other agents, whereas, >80%

from dogs and cats and antimicrobial susceptibility of Alcaligenes spp were susceptible to all tested antimicrobials (Figure 3).

patterns to propose as a guide for selecting an 2.5) Oxacillin-resistant Staphylococci was counted to be 35% (Table 2).

appropriate antimicrobial for primary treatment. Table 2 Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of the is isolated bacteria

from clinical specimens of dogs and cats during 2017-2019.
MATERIALS AND METHODS

Retrospective data analysis: Reviewed bacterial

culture and antimicrobial susceptibility test (AST)

records of 806 clinical specimens (384 pus/wound,

210 urine, 71 oral swab, 63 ear swab, and 78 others)

from 656 dogs and 150 cats examined at the

Veterinary Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory, Veterinary

Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine,

Khon Kaen University (KKU-VTH) during 2017-2019.

Bacterial Culture and Sensitivity Test: The isolated

bacteria were identified using RapID TM kits & ERIC ®

software and AST by disk diffusion was carried out

using antimicrobial categories/agents as below:

1) Tetracyclines/doxycycline (DO)

2) Fluoroquinolones/enrofloxacin (ENR)

3) Cephalosporins/cephalexin (CL) & cefazolin (KZ) Figure 1 The isolated bacteria from clinical specimens of dogs

4) Aminoglycosides/amikacin (AK) & gentamycin (CN) and cats during 2017-2019

5) beta-lactamase/ampicillin (AMP) & amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (AMC)

6) Sulfonamide-Dihydrofolate reductase/

trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole (SXT)

7) Oxacillin (OX) to identify the OX-resistant Staphylococci.

DISCUSSION and CONCLUSION

,
The frequently isolated bacteria were Staphylococci

Escherichia coli and Streptococci which trended to be
,

low susceptible to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

and enrofloxacin (broad spectrum drugs widely used

in veterinary practice), consistently with a report for

UTI bacteria during 2011-2017 [3]. According to the

apparent low susceptible to many antimicrobials,

Pseudomonas spp and Escherichia coli should be

concerned as bacteria at risk to be antimicrobial Figure 2 Susceptibility to antimicrobials of the common isolated Figure 3 Antimicrobial susceptibility of the common isolated
bacteria from clinical specimens of dogs and cats during 2017-2019
bacteria from clinical specimens of dogs and cats during 2017-2019

resistance. Aminoglycosides appeared to be Reference

efficacious and may be preferable. The antimicrobial 1. Pedersen et al. 2007. Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from diagnostic samples from dogs. J Antimicrob

susceptibility profiles presented may provide guidance 2. Windahl et al. 2014. Characterisation of bacterial growth and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns in canine urinary tract
Chemther, 60: 775–781. https://doi:10.1093/jac/dkm269

for primary treatment of infectious diseases in infections. BMC Vet Res, 10:217.

veterinary practices, when the AST is not available. 3. Pithai Kanbutra et al. 2018. In Proceeding: The 19th Khon Kaen Veterinary Annual International Conference, Khon Kaen,
THAILAND, April 4-5, 2018.