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The First Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy of inactivated Glässer vaccine
on Nursery pigs derived from Vaccinated Sows in Thai piggeries
1*
2
1
R. Kitchodok , A. Buakhiew, S. Traiyarach , G. García Sánchez , E. Barba Vidal 2
1 Technical and marketing Swine, HIPRA co., ltd (Thailand)
2 Swine Business Unit Laboratorios Hipra, S.A. (Spain)
*Corresponding author (ruangurai. kitchodok@hipra.com)
INTRODUCTION RESULTS
Glässer’s disease is an infectious disease caused by No adverse events and no negative effects on clinical features and
Haemophilus (Gläesserella) parasuis that affects pork production injection site were observed in all vaccinated sows.
worldwide. Factor affecting disease onset is biosecurity. G. This field were significantly improved especially ADG as displayed in
parasuis co-infection PRRS and swine influenza is the most Table 1 (P<0.05).
potential risk factors to exacerbate the clinical features (1,2).
At present, the increased concern about multidrug resistance Table 1. Clinical efficacy effect of nursery periods from vaccinated sow
is promoting the reduction antibiotics use in veterinary medicine. Production index 1 Inactivated Glässer vaccine Control Diff
Balance between physiological microbial colonization and enhance
No. of sow 976 976 -
active immunity with inactivated whole cell vaccines seem to be
Pig loss (%) 3.09 a 3.55 b -0.46
essential in disease control (3).
Lameness (%) 0.31 a 0.67 b -0.36
The purpose of receiving the vaccination in sows is to increase
ADG (g/d) (3-8 wks) 411.68 a 401.79 b +9.89
colostral antibodies, which protect piglets and delay colonization
FCR 1.13 a 1.14 a -0.01
of G. parasuis (4). Colostral antibodies do not interfere with
vaccine activity in early age piglets (5). Vaccinated piglets develop 1 a,b values with different superscripts in the same row are statistically different (P<0.05)
early active immunity, because when colostral antibodies
Over a period of two years from JUN 2019 to DEC 2020, vaccinated
disappear, colonies of this agent still present (4). pigs tended to decrease antibiotic cost per pigs (Exclude ABOs infeed:
Serovars 4 and 5 are commonly found from clinical cases (6),
10 THB or 0.28 EUR) compared with the control group (15-20 THB or
but serovars 4 are also frequently isolated in Thailand (7). The
0.42-0.56 EUR). A rate of mortality reduction during weaning phase at 4
previous study indicated that inactivated G. parasuis serovars 1 weeks of age from 5% (JUN 2019) to 2% (DEC 2020).
and 6 vaccine could protect the piglets against G. parasuis serovars
Hence, vaccination with inactivated Glässer vaccine could improve
4 and 5 (8).
farm performance and results in ROI of 298.87% for herd.
Herein, the aim of this trial was determined the effectiveness of
inactivated Glässer vaccine serovars 1 and 6 in nursery pigs derived DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
from vaccinating sows under field condition.
This is the current knowledge on the control of Glässer’s disease,
MATERIALS AND METHODS including prospects on vaccination in Thailand.
At present, here are three key factors to take into consideration for
Swine farm condition: vaccine selection including cross protection of bacteria serotypes,
adjuvants (vaccine safety) and vaccine efficacy and effectiveness.
A commercial 5,100-sow farrow to finish unit
Our findings provide a basis for identification and interpretation of
In the central provinces of Thailand
inactivated G. parasuis serovars 1 and 6 vaccine is safe and reduce
G. parasuis infection (clinical signs,
pathological lesions and laboratory result) antibiotic usage in farm and effectively provides protection against G.
parasuis infection leading to Glässer’s disease with production
History-taking from farm owners: improvement up to 298.87% ROI.
Farm experienced a decline of pig at the age of 3-8 wks ≥ 5%. Overall, sow vaccination program herein mostly improves pig
production performance, farm profitability and predict the positive
Clinical manifestations:
outcome from all piglets derived from vaccinating sows.
Starvation
The results suggested that, in addition to the protection given by
Growth retardation
inactivated whole organisms, vaccination is one of the alternative ways
Pig necropsies was performed:
for control the Glässer’s disease, maximizing farm benefits and may also
Fibrinous polyserositis and polyarthritis
be involved in increasing the beneficial nasal microbiota colonization.
Meningoencephalitis
Septicemia, sudden death and bronchopneumonia (Some cases)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Glässer’s control:
Table 1. Started using inactivated Glässer vaccine in sows since 2019 The authors would like to thank to commercial swine farm at Saraburi
province, Thailand co-operatives for providing retrospective production
Group Leaflet procedure Dose Route
parameters. What’s more, the authors thank Dr. Rapeapohn Jitkaew
Inactivated Glässer vaccine Sow: 1 shot 2 ml IM
st
(After vaccination) 2 shot (3 wks later) (Key account executive) for her excellent sales service assistance.
nd
Booster every 6 month REFERENCES
Control (Before vaccination) - - -
1. Aragon et al., 2019. J.J. Zimmerman et al., 2019 (Eds.), Diseases of Swine, Wiley-Blackwell, New Jersey. 844-853.
2. Pereira et al., 2017. Aust J Vet Sci. 49: 63-69.
Safety test (Clinical sign observation) 3. Lynn and Pulendran, 2018. J Leukoc Biol. 103: 225-231.
4. Cerdà-Cuéllar et al., 2010. Vet Microbiol. 145: 315–320.
Efficacy test (Production parameters during 3-8 wks) 5. Solano-Aguilar et al., 1999. Am J Vet Res. 60: 81-87.
6. Castilla et al., 2012. Res Vet Sci. 92: 366-371.
Statistical analysis (SPSS version 22.0) 7. Kumjun et al. 2009. Proceedings of the 47th KU Annual Conference. Vet Med. 148-155 (ref.15).
8. Zhao et al., 2017. Can J Vet Res. 81: 22–27.
ROI calculation (9) 9. Trogdon et al., 2009. J Occup Environ Med. 51: 751-759.
