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Clinical pharmacy PharmD program Third level Phytochemistry-1 (PG-504)

2. Specific color reaction with specific reagents.

3. GC-MS and HPLC

Many phenolic compounds have the following uses:

1- Antiseptic 2- Anti-oxidant 3- free radical scavanger.
4- Hypocholesterolemic 5- Insect repellant

II- Phenols & Phenol Ethers

A- Phenols:

1- Thymol. 2- Carvacrol. 3- Eugenol.

B- Phenol ethers:

1- Anethole. 2- α- asarone. 3- Safrole. 4- Myristicin 5- Apiole 6- Dillapiole

A- phenols

1-Thymol (3-hydroxy p-cymene)

Occurrence: In oil of Thymus vulgaris رتعزلا

Isolation:

1. By cooling the oil, thymol crystallizes.

2. By fractional distillation.

3. By 5% KOH → Phenolate → acid treatment → phenol → steam distillation or extract
with ether.

Synthesis:

1. From menthone: by bromination followed by treatment with quinoline

2. From piperitone by treatment with ferric chloride
3. From m-cresol and isopropyl alcohol in presence of catalys OH

Synthesis of Thymol

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