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Acta Ophthalmologica 2010

Table 3. Baseline ocular characteristics in the study population. Data are expressed by eye The agreement between event- and
rather than by patient as mean (standard deviation). trend-based methods for estimating
the incidence of progression of VF
Baseline (by eye)
loss was relatively good. The j statis-
Brinzolamide–timolol tic was (mean [standard error] 0.72
Dorzolamide–timolol group group [0.07]), indicating good agreement
between the two methods (Fig. 1).
99 eyes 116 eyes
According to the event-based
Number Mean (SD) 95% CI Mean (SD) 95% CI p-value method, progression was observed in
24 eyes (24%) in the DT group and
CCT,* lm 550.1 (27.5) 544.7–555.6 549.6 (23.9) 545.2–554.0 0.882 55 eyes (47%) in the BT group
MD, dB ) 3.1 (0.9) ) 3.3 to ) 2.9 ) 3.1 (0.9) ) 3.2 to 2.9 0.813
PSD, dB 4.1 (0.9) 3.9–4.3 4.0 (0.9) 3.8–4.1 0.244 (p = 0.0006; chi-square test).
IOP, mmHg 22.7 (1.2) 22.5–23.0 22.8 (1.2) 22.6–23.0 0.529 Visual field progression was
IOP fluctuation, mmHg 6.9 (1.2) 6.6–7.1 6.4 (1.5) 6.2–6.6 0.112 detected, in accordance with the
PSV OA, cm ⁄ s 34.4 (3.0) 33.8–35.0 35.1 (3.2) 34.5–35.7 0.089 trend-based method, in 27 (27%) and
EDV OA, cm ⁄ s 8.8 (1.0) 8.0–9.0 9.0 (0.9) 8.8–9.2 0.142 61 (53%) eyes in the DT and BT
RI OA 0.74 (0.02) 0.74–0.75 0.74 (0.03) 0.74–0.75 0.990 treatment groups, respectively
PSV CRA, cm ⁄ s 12.3 (1.5) 12.0–12.5 12.3 (1.6) 12.0–12.3 0.692 (p = 0.0003, chi-square test).
EDV CRA, cm ⁄ s 4.2 (0.7) 4.0–4.3 4.2 (0.7) 4.0–4.3 0.902
RI CRA 0.66 (0.03) 0.65–0.67 0.66 (0.02) 0.65–0.67 0.691 The median (95% CI) time to pro-
PSV SPCA, cm ⁄ s 13.6 (0.9) 13.5–13.8 13.5 (0.8) 13.2–13.9 0.071 gression was 42 months (range 36–
EDV SPCA, cm ⁄ s 4.5 (0.7) 4.6–4.8 4.6 (0.6) 4.3–5.0 0.101 48 months) in the DT treatment
RI SPCA 0.66 (0.02) 0.65–0.67 0.66 (0.02) 0.65–0.67 0.881 group versus 30 months (range 24–
MOPP 36.3 (4.6) 35.4–37.2 35.9 (4.2) 35.2–36.7 0.573 36 months) in the BT group
(p = 0.003, Kruskal–Wallis test).
SD = standard deviation; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval; CCT = central corneal thick- Using the event-based method,
ness; MD = mean defect; PSD = pattern standard deviation; IOP = intraocular pressure;
PSV = peak systolic velocity; EDV = end-diastolic velocity; RI = resistivity index; Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indi-
OA = ophthalmic artery; PCA = posterior ciliary arteries; CRA = central retinal artery; cated a significantly lower risk for
SPCA = short posterior ciliary artery; MOPP = mean ocular perfusion pressure. progression in eyes treated with DT
p-values were calculated comparing the parameters at baseline between the two study groups (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.53, 95% CI
(two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test); p-values were considered statistically significant at 0.34–0.72; p = 0.007) (Fig. 2A).
< 0.05. Treatment with dorzolamide–timolol
* CCT was measured in 88 and 102 eyes in the dorzolamide–timolol and brinzolamide–timolol therefore reduced the relative risk for
treatment groups, respectively.
progression by 48% compared with
MOPP = 2 ⁄ 3 MAP – IOP.
brinzolamide–timolol.
According to the trend-based
SPCA. Resistivity indices did not (SD 0.9 dB) at the end of the study method, Kaplan–Meier survival analy-
change during treatment with BT in (p < 0.0001). sis also indicated a significantly lower
any retrobulbar vessel. Moreover, VF progression was risk for progression in DT-treated
At the end of the study, RI was sig- detected in 88 eyes (41%) according eyes (HR = 0.38, 95% CI 0.23–0.55;
nificantly higher in the BT group than to trend-based analysis, with mean p < 0.0001) (Fig. 2B).
in the DT group in all retrobulbar MD values of )3.1 dB (0.9 dB) at Tables 4 and 5, based on a median
vessels (two-way anova; p < 0.0001, baseline and )4.5 dB (SD 1.0 dB) at split for continuous variables, show the
respectively). study end (p < 0.0001). results of the univariate analysis. Clini-
The difference between the progres- cal baseline factors that were signifi-
sion rates obtained with event- and cant predictors for progression in VF
Visual field progression
trend-based analyses was not statistically damage included lower DBP (HR =
At baseline, mean VF damage significant (p = 0.248, McNemar test). 2.04, 95% CI 1.38–3.51; p = 0.001),
expressed as MD was ) 3.1 dB (SD
0.9, 95% CI ) 3.3 to ) 2.9 dB) in the
DT group and ) 3.1 dB (SD 0.9, 95%
CI ) 3.2 to ) 2.9 dB) in the BT group
(p = 0.813).
Mean deviation slopes during follow-
up were ) 0.26 dB ⁄year and ) 0.46
dB⁄ year for the DT and BT treatment
groups, respectively (p = 0.008).
Seventy-nine of the 215 eyes
(37%) showed VF progression accor-
ding to the event-based method, with
a mean pattern standard devia-
tion (PSD) of 4.1 dB (SD 0.9 dB) at Fig. 1. Venn diagram showing agreement between the trend- and event-based methods of
baseline and a mean PSD of 4.6 dB detecting progression at 5 years.

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