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СPROFESSIONAL ADVICE PROFESSIONAL ADVICE

• aggregation by attachment, when various This approach will make it possible to specialize the manufacture of units as independent
dependent components can be attached to the products, the correct functioning of which could be checked regardless of the entire machine as
base component; a whole.
• aggregates, units, parts (for example, modular The first prerequisite for the development of the aggregation method is the division of
machines; rotary indexing tables + power units: products into separate units that are distinguished by their structural completeness. As practice
main movement mechanism and feed mechanism); has shown, many parts, units and assemblies of different design perform the same functions in
• aggregation by change, when an object can use machines, which means that the development of their unified models significantly expands the
all sorts of options for components with different capabilities of the aggregation method.
layouts (for example, different options for a car The introduction of aggregation makes it possible to move from the design and production
body on the same chassis, etc.). of expensive original equipment, machines and devices to their creation based on standard
The rational division of equipment, the unified aggregates.
creation of a list of units and assembly units that
fully meet the requirements of production have
great importance.
Fig 1. Modern machine tools with programmed control. The division of equipment design must be
such that the maximum number of equipment layouts can be created from the minimum number
of unit sizes.
The result of this work should be parametric standards and technical specifications for
the design of assembly units. The development of schemes of optimal layouts allows to create,
depending on the type of production, the most economically feasible units and to establish the
sequence of their operation in one or another layout. The development of quality indicators for
aggregate equipment is carried out in parallel or ahead of development and experimental work
on the creation of aggregate equipment. This is one of the most important stages of work.
Quality indicators and their specific values are set depending on the design, purpose of the unit,
etc.
The division of products into structurally complete units was the first prerequisite for the
development of the aggregation method.
Further analysis of machine designs showed that many units, assemblies and parts,
different in design, perform the same functions in various
machines. Generalization of particular design solutions
through the development of unified units, assemblies
and parts has significantly expanded the capabilities of
this method.
Currently the transition to the production of
equipment based on large unit-modules is on the agenda.
The modular principle is widespread in
mechanical engineering. In particular, in machine-
tool building, and more recently in shipbuilding Fig. 2. Boring spindle box.
and rocketry.
At the stage of experimental design, models are
made, individual elements are being worked out, working drawings are drawn up and prototypes An example of the most successful application of the aggregation method in the creation
of units and assembly units are tested. of completely new equipment is given below.
The last stage is the development of recommendations for the organization of specialized
production of assembly units and rolling and assembly bases of unit equipment. At this stage, Aggregation is a method of designing and operating products, based on the functional and
the industry's need for this or that type of equipment is determined and a complete feasibility geometric interchangeability of their main components and assemblies.
study is given for the creation of specialized industries.
Thus, from the above it follows that the basis of aggregation is, in general, standardization, The most important advantage of products created on the basis of aggregation is their
and its implementation requires the development of parametric standards and standards for constructive reversibility.
quality indicators of various types of assembly units and machine units. Aggregation allows to reuse standard parts, components and assemblies in new product
One of the main advantages of the aggregation method is that with the specialized modifications.
production of standard assembly units, the consumer is able to assemble the machines, When using this method, the entire structure of the machine is considered as a set of
equipment, automatic lines, etc. they need. independent components (units), each of which is assigned a specific function in the general
The purchase of ready-made units manufactured at specialized factories will make it mechanism.
possible to reduce the cost and simplify the repair of machines. The purpose of aggregation is to increase the capacity of enterprises without unnecessary
The modern machine-building industry is characterized by constant complication and costs for the development of each machine or device separately.
frequent change in the design of machines, and, therefore, for the design and subsequent An example of such equipment in mechanical engineering is an aggregate metal-working
manufacture of a larger number of the latter, it is necessary, first of all, to divide their design machine (machining center), which has an automatic tool changer system, which, using a
into independent assembly units, that is, units, so that they all perform in certain functions of numerical control device, provides turning, drilling and boring, milling and other operations.
the car.

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