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or the learners’ mother tongue also plays a minimal role in the

ALM, only the target language is allowed within the classroom

by both teacher and learners.

New material in the target language is also introduced in

dialogue form, modeling is done by the teacher whereby a

particular structure of sentence is spoken and learners repeat the

sentence, mimicking its sound patterns and intonation, and

aiming for identicalness. Slips in learners’ pronunciation of

words in the sentence are immediately corrected by the teacher

to avoid bad habits.

Although the drills that are the ALM’s main feature may

be considered one of its strengths, they are also its weakness.

Such drills leave no room for creativity, causing learners to lose

interest or feel bored in the classroom. When learners lose their

motivation, it negatively affects their progress in learning the

language itself.

Meanwhile, the students’ having low self-esteem tend to

disbelieve in their own capability, prefer not to volunteer

directly whether in academic and social interaction which will

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