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However, a very big difference between leadership and management,
which is often overlooked, is that leadership always involves leading a
group of people, whereas management need only be concerned with

responsibility for the operation of the organization. Stephen Covey is
quoted as saying that leadership focuses on doing the right things; management
focuses on doing things right. Bert Nanus has stated that: If managers are
319
known for their skills in solving problems, then leaders are known for being
masters in designing and building institutions; they are the architects of the
organization’s future. 320 Of course, many management roles have major
people-management responsibilities. However, the fact that management

focuses on the systems and structure of the organization, whereas
leadership definitely always includes focuses on its people, is a big
difference between the two concepts.

Management is execution; leadership is inspiration. John Baldoni.

Management involves making the organizational processes work in
harmony, like planning, budgeting, assigning work, hiring staff, measuring
performance, and making decisions. This all helps an organization to
accomplish what is expected of it and to do so predictably. This is a very
difficult task, as any manager can attest, in any size organization. The

complexity of this task is constantly underestimated, especially by those
not in senior management jobs.

So, management is crucial, but it's not leadership. A manager who
321
doesn’t understand effective leadership will tend to be traditional and

authoritarian, which leads to over-managing and a focus on control. On
the other hand, leadership is possible only when the organization is
managed well enough so that people can look beyond the frustration of

319
Stephen Covey, “Three Roles of the Leader in the New Paradigm.” Frances Hesselbein, et.al.editors.
The Leader of the Future. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1996. P. 154.
320 Bert Nanus. The Leaders’ Edge: The Seven Keys to Leadership in a Turbulent World. Chicago:
Contemporary Books, 1989, p. 7.
321 John Kotter: http://blogs.hbr.org/kotter/2013/01/management-is-still-not-
leadership.html?goback=%2Egde_2164533_member_203574381.

David Kolzow 296