Page 35 - The Modul of Psycholinguistics Studies_2

d. Five stages
1) Five stages of second language acquisition

Proponents of second language acquisition
theories, including Oliveri and Judie Haynes, another ESL

teacher with 28 years of experience, identify five distinct
stages of second language acquisition as originally
espoused by linguist Stephen Krashen. These include the

following:
a) Pre Production/ Silent and Receptive Stage
Students do not verbally respond to

communication in the second language although there is
receptive processing. Students should be actively

included in all class activities, but not forced to speak.
Students are likely to respondnon-verbally to peer-
buddies during inclusion in many activities: interaction

with visuals and audiovisuals, games, and hands-on
projects. As students Progress through this stage, they

will begin to participate using gestures and pointing, and
they may begin to provide one-word verbal responses.

Students Teacher
The Learning Strategies Assessing
Characteristics Task Teachers need to: Comprehension:
1. are often 1. listen 1. encourage listening 1. Show me the . . .
verbally 2. point and not 2. Draw a . . . .
unresponsive 3. move 2. force speaking 3. Point to examples
2. are often 4. mime 3. slow speech and of . . . .
hesitant and 5. match emphasize key 4. Can you draw the
unsure 6. draw 4. words parts of . . . . ?
3. may use one 7. select 5. model and 5. Show what would
word 8. choose demonstrate activities happen if . . . .
responses 9. act/act 6. use visual aids, 6. Move (object/to
4. are developing out pictures, place) if you
listening skills 10. circle 7. graphic organizers, agree . . . .
5. need time to realia
be 8. use gestures and body
comfortable language
Psycholinguistics | 35