Page 154 - Towards A Sustainable Future , Phase 3 2025, E-Book_Neat

portion, portion by portion. The remaining sterile saline and Figure 5(a) demonstrates the cleaning efficacy of Formulation
eco-enzyme solution were added and mixed uniformly. The 1. While it effectively removed some dirt, residual grime
whole mixture was homogenised for at least 30 minutes. This is to remained. In contrast, Figure 5(b) showcases the superior
ensure the mix is well homogenised and no separation occurs upon performance of Formulation 2. This formulation effectively
resting. The formation of an abrasive detergent with the desired eliminated all dirt, grime, and discolouration, leaving the
texture and cleaning properties was observed. surface clean and restored. Based on these visual results,
Formulation 2 was selected as the final abrasive eco-detergent,
Testing for the effectiveness of abrasive eco detergent with its ingredient composition outlined in Table 4.
Figure 5a shows the picture of the before and after of using
the abrasive detergent made using formulation 1 Future Outlook: The abrasive eco-detergent formulation
has been finalised; however, further steps are necessary to
ensure its viability. The team plans to conduct stability tests
to assess the product's durability and performance over time.
Additionally, consumer evaluations will be carried out to gauge
user preferences and satisfaction. These insights will help
determine whether the product meets market expectations
and can be successfully commercialised. Nevertheless, the
team is aware of this and will replace the chemicals used in
this formulation with food-grade ones before it is officially
launched and used in the kitchen.

With the illustration presented in Table 4, the estimated cost
of the abrasive eco detergent will be about ~$0.773 per 100g
of product.
Figure 5b shows the picture of the before and after of
using the abrasive detergent made using formulation 2 In view of the global aspect of the production of abrasive eco
detergent and its carbon emission:
CO2 emissions of a traditional detergent production
1 kg of concentrated detergent generates approximately 2.53
kg of CO2 emissions

CO2 emissions of a new abrasive detergent production
The shell powder (23g) makes up about 57.5% of the total
product weight (40g).
Surfactants (SLS and SLES) account for 18.75% of the product
weight.
Other ingredients make up the remaining 23.75%.

Assuming the emissions from shell processing are lower
than those from traditional raw material production, the
Figure 5c: Texture and appearance of Formulation 2 approximate value is 2.53 kg CO2 eq per kg of product.

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