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Figure 11: Soap bar infused with(right) and without (left) burnt Figure 12: Stained area of the utensil before the start of the
charcoal ashes
experiment
The charcoal ash-infused soap prototype with a standard
volume of 50 cm3 was then used to experiment with its
efficacy on kitchen utensils. For this report, kitchen utensils
with noticeable stain marks were used for more precise
visualisation of the prototype's effectiveness. The amount of
water required to observe improvement in the stained area
was also collected.

To begin the data collection process, data that the team
were interested in collecting were the time needed for the
prototype to clean a stained area of the kitchen utensil and
the amount of charcoal ash infused in the glycerin soap base, Figure 13: Significant reduction in stained area after using
assuming water running continuously at a rate of 4L (0.004 charcoal-infused soap
m3) per minute.
To continue the experiment, charcoal ash at an increment
of 5vol% was infused with the soap base. The students were
At 0 vol % charcoal ash infused, there was no visible delegated the task of collecting the amount of water needed
improvement in stains of the utensil after 0.020m3 of water for cleaning, and the results are discussed in the next section.
used, which is equivalent to 5 minutes of running water.
Results and Analysis
At 10 vol % charcoal ash infused, 0.02m3 of water was used The data collected can be illustrated in Table 1. It can be
observed that as the percentage of charcoal ash infused was
until improvement to the stained area was observed. increased, the amount of water needed to see improvements
in cleaning was decreased. However, when the percentage
Figures 12 and 13 provide both a visual confirmation of the of charcoal ash infused was at 25%, the amount of water
efficacy of the prototype at 10 vol% of infused charcoal ash and required increased due to the increased amount of charcoal
the accuracy of the team's hypothesis before the experiment ash residue. At 25% of charcoal ash, the team also found that
it started to get challenging to get a good mix of the soap and
was conducted. the charcoal ash.

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