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5.  The first  evidence for  fiscal  clay sealings  from  controlled  archaeological work,

               Who has been able to do that? Did not Martin Luther King inherit the apocalyptic imagination                         persecutions can yet dream that “behold, the dwelling of God is with humans, and he shall tent
                                                                                                                                           shedding light on the taxation system in Judah during the First Temple period.   τοῦ θεοῦ
               when he claimed, like Moses, to climb the mountain and see the promised land? Are some of his                        with them, and they shall be his people. And He, God, shall be with them” (Ἰδοὺ ἡ σκηνὴ


                                                                                                                                                                                                                   17
               dreams now slowly becoming reality? Did not Jesus teach his followers to pray: “Thy kingdom                          μετὰ τῶν ἀνθρώπων, καὶ σκηνώσει μετʼ αὐτῶν, καὶ αὐτοὶ λαοὶ αὐτοῦ ἔσονται, καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ θεὸς
                                                                                                                                       6.  Locating the biblical place 'Gan Uza,' where the kings of Judah who were not buried in
               come on earth”? And were King and Jesus not brutally murdered? How can we learn that such                            μετʼ αὐτῶν ἔσται). Did the author not imagine the End would be a return to the blessed life of the
                                                                                                                                           the tombs of the House of David were interred, at the traditional structure known today
               deaths do not diminish hope?                                                                                         Beginning? Was there a more promising future for early Jews than the time when all sickness and
                                                                                                                                                                      18
               Who has been able to do that? Did not Martin Luther King inherit the apocalyptic imagination
                                                                                                                                           as David's Tomb on Mt. Zion.
                 when he claimed, like Moses, to climb the mountain and see the promised land? Are some of his                      evil will cease and God will not need a Temple because, as in Eden, he dwells with his faithful
                                                                                                                                                                                       19
                                                                                                                                       7.  Identification of biblical Nob at the French hill.
               Early Jewish  descriptions  of  a celestial  or  promising place of  peace  and tranquility define
               dreams now slowly becoming reality? Did not Jesus teach his followers to pray: “Thy kingdom                          people.
                                                                                                                                    There are many more studies that Barkay has not yet published, and unfortunately, since 2020,
               come on earth”? And were King and Jesus not brutally murdered? How can we learn that such                              he has been suffering from a serious illness that limits his mobility and energy. However, he
               apocalypses, testaments, and psalms. How can we stimulate others to not only read these accounts
               deaths do not diminish hope?                                                                                         Perceiving a New Creation
               but try to feel what the early Jews experienced when they imagined being present to view the
                 scene?                                                                                                             has  not  given  up on publishing some  of this  work  with  the  help  of  research assistants. A
                                                                                                                                    The early Jewish  testaments  are filled  with  apocalyptic expectations and occasionally receive
               Early Jewish  descriptions  of  a celestial  or  promising place of  peace  and tranquility define                   noteworthy piece of  research, which he has  been conducting for  many  years  and will be

                                                                                                                                    visions of a new creation. Note the following passage in the Testament of Naphtali:
               apocalypses, testaments, and psalms. How can we stimulate others to not only read these accounts                     published in a forthcoming book, is about the Book of Songs of Songs from an archaeological
               Let us recall that the apocalypses are defined with such vivid experiences as these:
               but try to feel what the early Jews experienced when they imagined being present to view the                         and historical perspective. In this research, Barkay brings to light evidence that the book was
                 scene?                                                                                                               originally composed during the Iron Age IIA.
                                                                                                                                           Command your children that they be in unity with Levi and Judah,
                                                                                                                                           for through Judah will salvation arise for Israel,
                       Then I stood still, looking at that ancient house being transformed … I went on seeing until                   An additional forthcoming publication is about the biblical laws of the stranger, the fatherless,
                      the Lord of the sheep brought about a new house, greater and loftier than the first one, and
               Let us recall that the apocalypses are defined with such vivid experiences as these:                                   and the widow in light of ancient Hebrew inscriptions from Jerusalem and its surroundings.
                                                                                                                                           and in him will Jacob be blessed.
                      set it up in the first location which had been covered up – all its pillars were new, the                            Through his kingly power God will appear …,
                       Then I stood still, looking at that ancient house being transformed … I went on seeing until
                      columns new; and the ornaments new as well as greater than those of the first … .                                    to save the race of Israel,
                      [1 En 90:28-29; Isaac in OTP 1.91]
                      the Lord of the sheep brought about a new house, greater and loftier than the first one, and                  Summary
                                                                                                                                           and to assemble the righteous from among the nations.

                      set it up in the first location which had been covered up – all its pillars were new, the                     To sum  up, Gabriel  Barkay  can certainly be ranked among the  "giants" of  archaeology in
                                                                                                                                           [TNaph 8:2-3; Kee in OTP 1.813]

                      columns new; and the ornaments new as well as greater than those of the first … .
               Most readers will comprehend that the New Temple in Jerusalem is being described. The author                         Jerusalem and  Israel.  His  place in  this  esteemed group  is  not  only due to  his  extensive

                      [1 En 90:28-29; Isaac in OTP 1.91]
                 of Revelation shared a similar vision some centuries later. A dream, shared by Jews and Christians                 knowledge, numerous publications, and discoveries but also because of his tireless efforts to


                  Barkay Barkay guiding a group of archaeologists visiting the Temple Mount Sifting Project laboratory              The apocalyptic expectation also flows into Psalms and Odes. The author of the Odes of Solomon
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                      Barkay guiding a group of archaeologists visiting the Temple Mount Sifting Project laboratory
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               in the late first century CE is preserved in Revelation 21:  )                                                       bring this heritage to the public through teaching, lecturing, and media appearances. Barkay
                                                                                                                                    shares his visit into Paradise:
                                                      uw Temple in Jerusalem is being described. The author
               Most readers will comprehend that the Ne
                                            (Photo: Temple Mount Sifting Project)
                                                           f
                                                       n
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                                       (Photo:
                                                p
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                                            (Photo: Temple Mount Sifting Project)
                                                             g
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                     of Revelation shared a similar vision some centuries later. A dream, shared by Jews and Christians             believes  that archaeology  serves  as  a  vital  link between the past  and the present,  and he
                      Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth; for the first heaven and the first earth had passed

                                                                                                                                           And he took me into his Paradise,
                             u
                                li
               Other Significant Publications
                  ign
                                 c
                                  ation
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          Other in the late first century CE is preserved in Revelation 21:                                                         embodies this principle through his actions. Even today, despite his severe illness, he does not
                      icant P
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                               b
                                       s

               Other Significant Publications
                      away, and the sea was no more.
                                                                                                                                           Wherein is the wealth of the Lord’s pleasure. …

                                                                                osa
          Gabi's   Gabi's publications  vary and include many innovative ideas  and proposals  that are not                         refuse an invitation to speak, whether it be via an online video broadcast or in person, despite
                                                                     s
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               Gabi's publications  vary and include many innovative ideas  and proposals  that are not
                      And  I  saw the holy  city,  the new Jerusalem,  coming  down out  of  heaven  from  God,


                                                                        d in.

                            ted w
                                            a
                                                            be

               necessarily  associated with  the excavations  he  has  been  involved in.  His  research usually
                                                              e
                                                        ha
                                                               n
                                                                      ve
          necessa ril y   a Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth; for the first heaven and the first earth had passed            his difficulties in traveling.
                                             va
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               necessarily  associated with  the excavations  he  has  been  involved in.  His  research usually
                      prepared as a bride adorned for her husband.
                      away, and the sea was no more.
                                                                                                                                           Then I adored the Lord because of his magnificence.

                                                       th
                                                                                      e
                                                                               P
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          adopts adopts a maximalist approach on issues such as the size of First Temple Period Jerusalem, or                       On his 80th birthday, we wish Professor Gabriel Barkay good health, strength, and happiness
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                      And  I  saw the holy  city,  the new Jerusalem,  coming  down out  of  heaven  from
               adopts a maximalist approach on issues such as the size of First Temple Period Jerusalem, or  God,
                      And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying:


                                                         e
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          the hist oric a l  prepared as a bride adorned for her husband.    it  in  a  ve r y  c onvincing  manne r .              in all aspects of his life. We express our deep gratitude for his significant contributions to the
                                                                nts
               the historical core of the biblical narrative, and he presents it in a very convincing manner.
               the historical core of the biblical narrative, and he presents it in a very convincing manner.
                      “Behold, the home of God is among mortals.

                                                                                                                                           And I said, blessed, O Lord, are they
                                       c
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                                                  re
                                                 p
               Below are some selected subjects that represent his innovative research attitude and creative
                                                         is
                                        ts
                                           that re
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          Below  a re  som And I heard a loud voice from the throne saying:    re se a rc h  a tt it ude  a nd c r e a ti ve        heritage of Jerusalem and the Land of Israel.
                               ted
                                  subj
                                                    se

                                                     nt
                                                           innovative
                      He will dwell with them as their God;
               Below are some selected subjects that represent his innovative research attitude and creative
               ht:
          thoug thought:  “Behold, the home of God is among mortals.                                                                       Who are planted in your land,

               thought:  they will be his peoples,
                      He will dwell with them as their God;
                                                                                               13
                   1.  The first attempt to reconstruct the size of Iron Age Jerusalem based on burial data.
                                                                                                    13
              1.  The  fir st attempt  to re c on struc t t he  siz e  of  I ron  A ge  J e rusa lem ba se d on bur ial da ta.    13       And who have a place in your Paradise;
                      and God himself will be with them;
                   1.  The first attempt to reconstruct the size of Iron Age Jerusalem based on burial data.
                      they will be his peoples,
                                                                               of
                                                                                 the

                                                      I
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                              the

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              2.  Re 2.  Relocation of the biblical place named Ir-David from the summit of the hill ridge to a                              And who grow in the growth of your trees,
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                      he will wipe every tear from their eyes.
                   2.  Relocation of the biblical place named Ir-David from the summit of the hill ridge to a
                      and God himself will be with them;
                      southern and lower area.
                      Death will be no more;
                      he will wipe every tear from their eyes.
                  southern and lower area. 14  14                                                                                          And have passed from darkness into light
                                             14
                      southern and lower area.
                                                                                  g
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              3.  Id 3.  Identification of the monument of Yad Avshalom as the tomb of King Herod Agrippa
                                                                                          A
                                                                      tom
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                           on of
                      mourning and crying and pain will be no more,
                      Death will be no more;
                   3.  Identification of the monument of Yad Avshalom as the tomb of King Herod Agrippa
                        15
                  15
                 I.     I.                                                                                                                 [OdesSol 11.16-19; Charlesworth in OTP 2.745]
                      for the first things have passed away.” [Rev 21:1-4]
                      mourning and crying and pain will be no more,
                      I.
                        15
              4.  The possibility of a Late Bronze Age Egyptian temple that stood north of the City. 16  16
                   4.  The possibility of a Late Bronze Age Egyptian temple that stood north of the City.
                      for the first things have passed away.” [Rev 21:1-4]

                                                                                                   16
                   4.  The possibility of a Late Bronze Age Egyptian temple that stood north of the City.
                 Is it not remarkable that the author claims to see “a new heaven and a new earth” (οὐρανὸν καινὸν                  The guide is the Lord, not a seer as in the apocalypses. He takes the Odist into Paradise so he can
               Is it not remarkable that the author claims to see “a new heaven and a new earth” (οὐρανὸν καινὸν

               καὶ γῆν καινήν). Why is there a need for a new heaven? Has it been polluted by the Nephilim, the

                                                                                                                                    see the blessed ones who have a place in Paradise and are permanently planted like trees.
               καὶ γῆν καινήν). Why is there a need for a new heaven? Has it been polluted by the Nephilim, the


               fallen angels, and the betrayal of Satan who was a superior angel serving previously in heaven
               13
                    3
                    .

          13  See no fallen angels, and the betrayal of Satan who was a superior angel serving previously in heaven                 What good is a heaven or Paradise that is infinitely far away and closed to all, both the living and
                 te.
                  See note. 3.  16
                           16
               13  G. Barkay (2006). "City of David – A Glossary of Terms". in: E. Meiron (ed.). City of David Studies of arkay (2006). "City of David – A Glossary of Terms". in: E. Meiron (ed.). City of David Studies of
          14  G. B 14 beside God?  The exceptional apocalyptic vision describes how “I saw the Holy City, the new                   the “apparently” dead? What good is a Paradise that is inaccessible to all who have lived (cf. LAE).
                  See note. 3.   The exceptional apocalyptic vision describes how “I saw the Holy City, the new
               beside God?
                                                                                                                                      G. Barkay (2015). "Evidence of the Taxation System of the Judean Kingdom - A Fiscal Bulla from the Slopes
                                                                                                                                    17
          AncienJerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride  for her husband” (τὴν πόλιν                     of the Temple Mount and the Phenomenon of Fiscal Bullae". in: M. Lubetski and E. Lubetski (Eds.). Recording
               14 Ancient Jerusalem 1. pp. 7-19. Jerusalem. (Hebrew) t Jerusalem 1. pp. 7-19. Jerusalem. (Hebrew)
                  G. Barkay (2006). "City of David – A Glossary of Terms". in: E. Meiron (ed.). City of David Studies of
               Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, prepared as a bride  for her husband” (τὴν πόλιν
                                                       in
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               τὴν ἁγίαν Ἰερουσαλὴμ καινὴν εἶδον καταβαίνουσαν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ ἡτοιμασμένην
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          15  G. Bar  G. Barkay (2013). "Absalom's Tomb: New Thoughts". in: E. Meiron (ed.). City of David Studies of Ancient       According to the author of 2 Baruch, Paradise was only shown to Adam, Abraham, and Moses
                                                                                                                                    New Epigraphic Evidence: Essays in Honor of Robert Deutsch. Jerusalem. pp 17-50.
               Ancient Jerusalem 1. pp. 7-19. Jerusalem. (Hebrew)
               τὴν ἁγίαν Ἰερουσαλὴμ καινὴν εἶδον καταβαίνουσαν ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ ἀπὸ τοῦ θεοῦ ἡτοιμασμένην
               15 Jerusalem 8. pp. 79-99. Jerusalem. (Hebrew)  8. pp. 79-99. Jerusalem. (Hebrew)
          Jerusalem                                                                                                                 18  G. Barkay (1977). "Towards the problem of locating the Tombs of the last Kings of the House of David". In
               16 ὡς νύμφην κεκοσμημένην τῷ ἀνδρὶ αὐτῆς). Members of the covenant facing martyrdoms and
                  G. Barkay (2013). "Absalom's Tomb: New Thoughts". in: E. Meiron (ed.). City of David Studies of Ancient
               ὡς
                  G. Barkay (1996). "A Late Bronze Age Egyptian Temple in Jerusalem?". Israel Exploration Journal 46(1/2).  and
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          16  G. Bark νύμφην κεκοσμημένην τῷ ἀνδρὶ αὐτῆς). Members of the covenant facing martyrdoms                                M. Broshi (ed.). Between Hermon and Sinai. Jerusalem. pp. 75-92 (Hebrew).
                          "
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               Jerusalem 8. pp. 79-99. Jerusalem. (Hebrew)
          pp. 23- 16 pp. 23-43. 43.                                                                                                 19  G. Barkay (2018). "Towards the identification of Nob: a biblical priestly town", Eretz Israel: archaeological,
                  G. Barkay (1996). "A Late Bronze Age Egyptian Temple in Jerusalem?". Israel Exploration Journal 46(1/2).
                                                                                                                                    historical and geographical studies 33, pp. 130-131.

               pp. 23-43.
               16  Recall Ezekiel 28:11-17, and Isaiah 14:12-15, and Job 1:7. Satan was once a cherub and a part of the divine council.
               16
                  Recall Ezekiel 28:11-17, and Isaiah 14:12-15, and Job 1:7. Satan was once a cherub and a part of the divine council.
                                                          10                                                                                                                 XXI



                                                                                                                                    Biblical Archaeology, Jerusalem, June-July 1990. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society & αγγε.
               pseudepigraphon attempts to defend the sovereignty of God. He is good and trustworthy. Jews                          ἀληθείᾳ πάσῃ· οὐ γὰρ λαλήσει ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ, ἀλλʼ ὅσα ἀκούσει λαλήσει καὶ τὰ ἐρχόμενα ἀν
                                   BIBLIOGRAPHY GABRIEL BARKAY

                                                                                                                                    Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities. pp. 106-109.
               suffering now for their faith shall be ultimately vindicated with salvation and a blessed life.                      John 16:13).
                              BIBLIOGRAPHY GABRIEL BARKAY

                                                                                                                                23. Barkay, G. (1994). Excavations at Ketef Hinnom in Jerusalem. in: Geva, H. (Ed.). Ancient
               Another person, in another apocalyptic document, the History of the Rechabites, describes
                                                                                                                                                                                                      *
                                                                                                                                    Do we not need such hope now? Do we not desperately need someone who “does not speak only
            1.  Barkay, G.,  et al.  (1974). Archaeological  Survey  in  the  Northern Bashan:  (Preliminary  the                   Jerusalem Revealed. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society. pp. 85-106.
               Land of the Blessed Ones. It is an island on which there is only peace, happiness, and concord.                  24. Barkay, G. (1994). A Second "Governor of the City" Bulla. in: Geva, H. (Ed.).  Ancient
                                                                                                                                    for himself” (οὐ γὰρ λαλήσει ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ)? More than ever, we need someone who is divinely
               Report) Israel Exploration Journal 24. pp. 173-184.
                                                                                                                                    ἀληθείᾳ πάσῃ· οὐ γὰρ λαλήσει ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ, ἀλλʼ ὅσα ἀκούσει λαλήσει καὶ τὰ ἐρχόμενα ἀναγγε.
               pseudepigraphon attempts to defend the sovereignty of God. He is good and trustworthy. Jews
       1.  Barkay, G.,  et al.  (1974). Archaeological  Survey  in  the  Northern Bashan:  (Preliminary                             Jerusalem Revealed. Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society. pp. 141-144.*
            2.  Barkay, G., Kloner,  A.  (1976). Notes  and  News:  Burial  Caves North  Damascus  Gate,
                                                                                                                                    chosen and will announce the future to us (cf. τὰ ἐρχόμενα ἀναγγε). Is our future defined by horrors
                                                                                                                                    John 16:13).
                 suffering now for their faith shall be ultimately vindicated with salvation and a blessed life.
          Report) Israel Exploration Journal 24. pp. 173-184.                                                                   25. Barkay, G., Kloner, A., Mazar, A. (1994). The Northern Necropolis of Jerusalem During
               Jerusalem. Israel Exploration Journal 26. pp. 55-57.
               The author of Pseudo-Philo, perhaps a Jew, writing before 30 CE (Harrington in OTP 2.299) or

       2.  Barkay, G., Kloner,  A.  (1976). Notes  and  News:  Burial  Caves North  Damascus  Gate,                                   like  the Twin  Towers  falling  in  flames;  threatening  wars from  Ethiopia, Ukraine, Russia,
                                                                                                                                    the First Temple Period. in: Geva, H. (Ed.). Ancient Jerusalem Revealed. Jerusalem: Israel
                                                                                                                                    Do we not need such hope now? Do we not desperately need someone who “does not speak only
               Another person, in another apocalyptic document, the History of the Rechabites, describes the
               before 66 CE (Bogaert in SC 230; p. 74), shared the following prophecy of the future, obviously
            3.  Barkay, G. (1976). Notes and News: St. Andrew's Church, Jerusalem. Israel Exploration
          Jerusalem. Israel Exploration Journal 26. pp. 55-57.                                                                      Afghanistan, North Korea, Iran, and elsewhere; abominable deadly plagues called famine and
                                                                                                                                    for himself” (οὐ γὰρ λαλήσει ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ)? More than ever, we need someone who is divinely
               Land of the Blessed Ones. It is an island on which there is only peace, happiness, and concord.
                                                                                                                                    Exploration Society. pp. 119-127.*
               Journal 26. pp. 57-58.
               representing in one paragraph what many Jews during the time of Hillel and Jesus imagined. They
                                                                                                                                    Covid-19;  threatening dark  clouds rising notably  from  Iran and China; and nations  without
       3.  Barkay, G. (1976). Notes and News: St. Andrew's Church, Jerusalem. Israel Exploration                                26. Barkay,  G. (1995).  The  King  of  Babylonia or  a  Judaean Official?  Israel Exploration
                                                                                                                                    chosen and will announce the future to us (cf. τὰ ἐρχόμενα ἀναγγε). Is our future defined by horrors

               were convinced they heard God promise:
            4.  Barkay, G. (1977).  A  Coin  of  Alexander Jannaeus  from  Cyprus.  Israel Exploration
                                                      12
          Journal 26. pp. 57-58.                                                                                                    adequate leadership in  a world  tipping in  the  wrong directions? Why have horrors  and  fears
               The author of Pseudo-Philo, perhaps a Jew, writing before 30 CE (Harrington in OTP 2.299) or
                                                                                                                                    like  the Twin  Towers  falling  in  flames;  threatening  wars from  Ethiopia, Ukraine, Russia,
                                                                                                                                    Journal 45(1). pp. 41-47.
               Journal 27. pp. 119-120.

                                                                                                                                    increasingly become the daily substance for too many minds? Has our world not been defined by
       4.  Barkay, G. (1977).  A  Coin  of  Alexander Jannaeus  from  Cyprus.  Israel Exploration                               27. Barkay, G.  & Vaughn,  A.G.  (1995). An  Official  Seal  Impression  from  Lachish
                                                                                                                                    Afghanistan, North  Korea,  Iran, and elsewhere; abominable deadly plagues  called famine and
               before 66 CE (Bogaert in SC 230; p. 74), shared the following prophecy of the future, obviously
            5.  Barkay, G. (1978). A Group of Iron Age Scale Weights. Israel Exploration Journal 28, 4.
                       And I shall bring the dead to life (et vivificabo mortuos) and raise up those who are sleeping
          Journal 27. pp. 119-120.                                                                                                  leaders who seem blinded? Where now is the vision of the ancient apocalyptists who not only
                                                                                                                                    Covid-19;  threatening dark  clouds rising notably  from  Iran and China; and nations  without
               representing in one paragraph what many Jews during the time of Hillel and Jesus imagined. They
                                                                                                                                    Reconsidered. Tel Aviv 22,1. pp. 94-97.
               pp. 209-217.
                      from the earth. And hell (infernus) will pay back its debt, and the place of perdition will
                                                                                                                                    warned of disasters but also envisioned, even promised, the establishment of the kingdom of God
       5.  Barkay, G. (1978). A Group of Iron Age Scale Weights. Israel Exploration Journal 28, 4.                              28. Barkay, G. (1996). A Late Bronze Age Egyptian Temple in Jerusalem? Israel Exploration
                                                      12
                                                                                                                                    adequate leadership in  a world  tipping in  the  wrong directions? Why have horrors  and  fears
               were convinced they heard God promise:
            6.  Barkay, G.  (1979).  The  Cubit of  the  Old Standard  -  Archaeological  Consideration of  a
                                                                                                                                    increasingly become the daily substance for too many minds? Has our world not been defined by

          pp. 209-217.  return its deposit so that I may render to each according to his works (secundum opera sua)                 on earth?
                                                                                                                                    Journal 46(1/2). pp. 23-43.
               Problem in Biblical  Metrology. in:  Sixth Archaeological Conference in Israel (Tel-Aviv,
                      and according to the fruits of his own devices, until I judge between soul and flesh.
                                                                                                                                      leaders who seem blinded? Where now is the vision of the ancient apocalyptists who not only
                       And I shall bring the dead to life (et vivificabo mortuos) and raise up those who are sleeping
       6.  Barkay, G.  (1979).  The  Cubit of  the  Old Standard  -  Archaeological  Consideration of  a                        29. Barkay, G., & Vaughn, A. (1996). New Readings of Hezekian Official Seal Impressions.
               14-15 March 1979). Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society. pg. 35.
                      And the world will cease, and death will be abolished, and hell will shut its mouth. And the
                      from the earth. And hell (infernus) will pay back its debt, and the place of perdition will
                                                                                                                                    In light of the darkness, too evident in the past and in the present, how do we dare to dream what
          Problem in Biblical  Metrology. in:  Sixth Archaeological Conference in Israel (Tel-Aviv,                                 warned of disasters but also envisioned, even promised, the establishment of the kingdom of God
                                                                                                                                    Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 304. pp. 29-54.
            7.  Broshi, M.,  Barkay, G. (1985).  Excavations  in  the  Chapel  of  St. Vartan  in  the  Holy
                      earth will not be without progeny or sterile for those inhabiting it; and no one who has been
                      return its deposit so that I may render to each according to his works (secundum opera sua)
                                                                                                                                    on earth?
                                                                                                                                    today many accept as “the un-dream-able” dream”? How does hope spring up again? We may note
          14-15 March 1979). Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society. pg. 35.                                                     30. Barkay, G. (1996). A Balance Beam from Tel Lachish. Tel Aviv 23,1. pp. 75-82.
               Sepulchre. Israel Exploration Journal 35, 2/3. pp 108-128.

                      and according to the fruits of his own devices, until I judge between soul and flesh.
                      pardoned by me will be tainted. And there will be another earth and another heaven, an
                                                                                                                                    that the first insight warns us about the path to destruction. The second insight provides us with
       7.  Broshi, M.,  Barkay, G. (1985).  Excavations  in  the  Chapel  of  St. Vartan  in  the  Holy                         31. Barkay, G.  & Vaughn,  A. G.  (1996). "Lmlk"  and  Official  Seal  Impressions  from  Tel
            8.  Barkay, G. (1983). The Divine Name Found in Jerusalem. Biblical Archaeology Review 9,
                      And the world will cease, and death will be abolished, and hell will shut its mouth. And the
                      everlasting dwelling place (Et erit terra alia et celum aliud, habitaculum sempiternum.).
          Sepulchre. Israel Exploration Journal 35, 2/3. pp 108-128.                                    13                          In light of the darkness, too evident in the past and in the present, how do we dare to dream what
                                                                                                                                    language that might enable dreams to pop up, unexpectedly, before each of us.
                                                                                                                                    Lachish. Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv 23,1 (1996) 61-74.
                                                                                                                                                                                *
               2. pp. 14-19.
                      earth will not be without progeny or sterile for those inhabiting it; and no one who has been
                                                                                                                                    today many accept as “the un-dream-able” dream”? How does hope spring up again? We may note

                      [PsPhilo 3:10; Harrington in OTP 2.307]
       8.  Barkay, G. (1983). The Divine Name Found in Jerusalem. Biblical Archaeology Review 9,                                32. Barkay, G. (1997). Politics - Not Religious Law - Rules Ultra-Orthodox Demonstrators.

                                                                                                                                    that the first insight warns us about the path to destruction. The second insight provides us with
            9.  Barkay,  G.  (1986). Jerusalem  of  Old Testament  Times:  New Discoveries  and  New
                      pardoned by me will be tainted. And there will be another earth and another heaven, an

          2. pp. 14-19.  everlasting dwelling place (Et erit terra alia et celum aliud, habitaculum sempiternum.).                  Imagining a Place Phenomenologically Means Imaging Being Present There
                                                                                                        13
                                                                                                                                    language that might enable dreams to pop up, unex
                                                                                                                                    Biblical Archaeology Review 23(6). pp. 56-57, 77. pectedly, before each of us.
               Approaches. Bulletin of the Anglo-Israel Archaeological Society 5. pp. 32-43.
               In this one concise paragraph, we find early Jewish beliefs in God’s resurrection of the dead, works
       9.  Barkay,  G.  (1986). Jerusalem  of  Old Testament  Times:  New Discoveries  and  New                                 33. Barkay,  G. (1998).  A  Signet  Ring  of  Alexander.  Bulletin  of the  Anglo-Israel
                                                                                                                                                                   15
                                                                                                                                    In Phenomenology of Perception,  Maurice Merleau-Ponty illustrated that to ponder a distant land


                      [PsPhilo 3:10; Harrington in OTP 2.307]
            10. Barkay, G.  (1986).  The Garden Tomb:  Was Jesus  Buried  Here?.  Biblical Archaeology
               of righteousness, the judgment of soul and flesh, the ending of the world, the abolishment of death,
          Approaches. Bulletin of the Anglo-Israel Archaeological Society 5. pp. 32-43.                                             Imagining a Place Phenomenologically Means Imaging Being Present There
                                                                                                                                    is to imagine oneself present to perceive and be blessed by that alluring vista. Hence, when we

                                                                                                                                    Archaeological Society 16. pp. 65-69.
               Review 12,2. pp. 40-53, 56-57.
               the promise of a fruitful habitation (habitaculum), and finally an assurance that “there will be
       10. Barkay, G.  (1986).  The Garden Tomb:  Was Jesus  Buried  Here?.  Biblical Archaeology                               34. Deutsch,  R., Barkay, G. (1999).  A  Storage-Jar  Handle with  Two  Hebrew Personal  Seal
                                                                                                                                                                   15
                                                                                                                                    In Phenomenology of Perception,  Maurice Merleau-Ponty illustrated that to ponder a distant land
               In this one concise paragraph, we find early Jewish beliefs in God’s resurrection of the dead, works
                                                                                                                                    dream about the world envisioned, for example, by Isaiah and the authors of 4 Ezra and 2 Baruch,
            11. Barkay, G., Kloner, (1986). Jerusalem Tombs from the Days of the First Temple. Biblical
               another earth and another heaven (erit terra alia et celum aliud).”
          Review 12,2. pp. 40-53, 56-57.                                    14                                                      is to imagine oneself present to perceive and be blessed by that alluring vista. Hence, when we
               of righteousness, the judgment of soul and flesh, the ending of the world, the abolishment of death,
                                                                                                                                    we may conceivably participate in life-restoring events. With the early Jews and Christians, who
                                                                                                                                    Impressions. in: Deutsch, R. (Ed.). West Semitic Epigraphic News of the First Millenium
               Archaeology Review. 12,2. pp. 22-39.
                 the promise of a fruitful habitation (habitaculum), and finally an assurance that “there will be
       11. Barkay, G., Kloner, (1986). Jerusalem Tombs from the Days of the First Temple. Biblical                                  dream about the world envisioned, for example, by Isaiah and the authors of 4 Ezra and 2 Baruch,
                                                                                                                                    in  antiquity suffered burning cities  and landscapes,  crucifixions,  and martyrdoms, today  we  -
                                                                                                                                    BCE. Tel Aviv: Archaeological Center. pp. 81-85.
            12. Barkay, G. (1988). Burial Headrests as a Return to the Womb: A Reevaluation. Biblical
                                                                                                                                    we may conceivably participate in life-restoring events. With the early Jews and Christians, who
               It should now be undeniable
                                                                            14
          Archaeology Review. 12,2. pp. 22-39.  that almost all so-called Christian ideas were originally Jewish. I             35. Sinibaldi, M., Goodfriend, G. A., Barkay, G., Marchese, S. and Gil-av, E. (1999). Aspartic rhaps
               another earth and another heaven (erit terra alia et celum aliud).”
                                                                                                                                    within a world belching toxic smoke, and deadly circumstances - may hold on to hope, and pe
               Archaeology Review 14 (2). pp. 48-50.
               stated that in a faculty meeting and a person who held a distinguished chair exclaimed out in alarm

       12. Barkay, G. (1988). Burial Headrests as a Return to the Womb: A Reevaluation. Biblical                                    in  antiquity suffered burning cities  and landscapes,  crucifixions,  and martyrdoms, today  we  -
                                                                                                                                    Acid  Racemization in  Teeth from  Ketef  Hinnom, a  Late Holocene  Burial  Cave in
                                                                                                                                    dream.
            13. Barkay, G. (1988). To  Gehenna and Back:  The Hinnom  Valley, Jerusalem.  Israel Land
               It should now be undeniable that almost all so-called Christian ideas were originally Jewish. I
               and disagreement; that colleague
          Archaeology Review 14 (2). pp. 48-50.  obviously missed the point that Paul espoused each of these                        within a world belching toxic smoke, and deadly circumstances - may hold on to hope, and perhaps

                                                                                                                                    Jerusalem: Evidence for Reuse. Geoarchaeology 14. pp. 441–454.
               and Nature 13. pp. 123-129.
                                                                                                                                    dream.
               stated that in a faculty meeting and a person who held a distinguished chair exclaimed out in alarm
               concepts and proudly claimed them to be thoroughly Jewish.
       13. Barkay, G. (1988). To  Gehenna and Back:  The Hinnom  Valley, Jerusalem.  Israel Land                                36. Avigad, N., Barkay, G. (2000). The "LMLK" and Related Seal Impressions. in: Geva, H.  is not
            14. Barkay, G.  (1989).  Another Palaeo-Hebrew Ossuary  Inscription.  Israel Exploration
                                                                                                                                    Our task as professors and scholars is to live and share this transcending experience. It
               and disagreement; that colleague obviously missed the point that Paul espoused each of these

          and Nature 13. pp. 123-129.                                                                                                 (Ed.).  Jewish  Quarter Excavations  in  the Old  City  of  Jerusalem Conducted by  Nahman  is not
                                                                                                                                    Our task as professors and scholars is to live and share this transcending experience. It
               Journal 39(3/4). pp. 201-203.
               concepts and proudly claimed them to be thoroughly Jewish.
               Just  as  the foregoing  words  were pondered,  and perhaps  written, conceivably before his
       14. Barkay, G.  (1989).  Another Palaeo-Hebrew Ossuary  Inscription.  Israel Exploration                                     enough to read a sacred text. One must inculcate some of its wisdom and promises. Dreams without
                                                                                                                                    Avigad, 1969-1982, Vol. 1. pp. 243-266.

                                                                                                                                    enough to read a sacred text. One must inculcate some of its wisdom and promises. Dreams without
            15. Barkay, G. (1990). A Bowl with the Hebrew Inscription שדק. Israel Exploration Journal
                                                                                                                                    foundations are illusionary. We need to regain the perception that divinely inspired hopes are
               crucifixion, Jesus’ followers reported that he promised the appearance of the Spirit of Truth: “But
          Journal 39(3/4). pp. 201-203.                                                                                         37. Barkay, G. (2000). What's an Egyptian Temple Doing in Jerusalem? Biblical Archaeology
                                                                                                                                    foundations are illusionary. We need to regain the perception that divinely inspired hopes are
               40(2/3). pp. 124-129. g  words  were pondered,  and perhaps  written, conceivably before his
               Just  as  the foregoin
       15. Barkay, G. (1990). A Bowl with the Hebrew Inscription שדק. Israel Exploration Journal For he will                        reliable. Realistic apocalyptic imaginations can arise out of the worst calamities; for example, after
               when that one comes, (namely) the Spirit of Truth, he will guide you in all the truth.
                                                                                                                                    reliable. Realistic apocalyptic imaginations can arise out of the worst calamities; for example, after
               crucifixion, Jesus’ followers reported that he promised the appearance of the Spirit of Truth: “But
                                                                                                                                    Review 26(3). pp. 48-57.
            16. Barkay, G. (1991). 'Your Poor Brother' A Note on an Inscribed Bowl from Beth Shemesh.
                                                                                                                                    the burning of the Temple in Jerusalem, Jews crafted the masterpieces now labeled Fourth Ezra
               not speak from his own authority, but whatever he hears he will speak, and he will disclose the
          40(2/3). pp. 124-129.                                                                                                 38. Bautch, R., Coblentz Bautch, K., Barkay, G., Guise Sheridan, S. (2000). "The Vessels of
                                                                                                                                    the burning of the Temple in Jerusalem, Jews crafted the masterpieces now labeled Fourth Ezra
               when that one comes, (namely) the Spirit of Truth, he will guide you in all the truth. For he will
               Israel Exploration Journal 41(4). pp. 239-241.
       16. Barkay, G. (1991). 'Your Poor Brother' A Note on an Inscribed Bowl from Beth Shemesh.  ὑμᾶς ἐν τῇ                        and many other apocalypses, including the Jewish sections in Revelation. We must follow the
               things that are coming” (ὅταν δὲ ἔλθῃ ἐκεῖνος, τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας, ὁδηγήσει
                                                                                                                                    and many other apocalypses, including the Jewish sections in Revelation. We must follow the
               not speak from his own authority, but whatever he hears he will speak, and he will disclose the
                                                                                                                                    the  Potter  Shall Be Broken":  The Material  Culture from  a  Burial  Cave at  St. Étienne's
            17. Barkay, G. (1991). Jerusalem:  De  David  a la  Destruction du Temple  de Salomon.  Les
                                                                                                                                    wisdom of the ancients. Blessings are not reserved only for good times. They can be experienced
          Israel Exploration Journal 41(4). pp. 239-241.  ἐκεῖνος, τὸ πνεῦμα τῆς ἀληθείας,  ὁδηγήσει ὑμᾶς ἐν τῇ                     wisdom of the ancients. Blessings are not reserved only for good times. They can be experienced
               things that are coming” (ὅταν δὲ ἔλθῃ

                                                                                                                                    Monastery, Jerusalem. ŕevue biblique 107. pp. 561-590.
               Dossiers de l'Archeologie 165-166. pp. 32-45.
                                                                                                                                    in the worst times when we have been shown how to hold onto God’s promises that his creation is
       17. Barkay, G. (1991). Jerusalem:  De  David  a la  Destruction du Temple  de Salomon.  Les                              39. Barkay, G.  &  Im, M.  (2001). Egyptian  Influence  on  the  Painted  Human  Figures  from
                                                                                                                                    in the worst times when we have been shown how to hold onto God’s promises that his creation is
               12

            18. Barkay, G. (1992). The World's Oldest Poorbox. Biblical Archaeology Review 18(6). pp.
                   As usual,  I reserve  the  right to  make  corrections to  my  edition or change  capitalizations. The  collection was


          Dossiers de l'Archeologie 165-166. pp. 32-45.                                                                             “very good” (ד ּ֑ ֹ אְמ בוֹ ָּ֖ ט־הנִּהְו ה ָ֔שָׂע ר ֶ֣שֲא־לָכּ־תֶא ֙םיִּהלֱֹא א ְרַָּ֤יַּו). All early Jews and Christians knew that God
                                                                                                                                    “very good” (ד ּ֑ ֹ אְמ בוֹ ָּ֖ ט־הנִּהְו השָׂע ר ֶ֣שֲא־לָכּ־תֶא ֙םיִּהלֱֹא א ְרַָּ֤יַּו). All early Jews and Christians knew that God
                                                                                                                                                             ָ ָ֔ ָ
               12
                                                                                                                                    Kuntillet 'Ajrud. Tel Aviv 28,2. pp. 288-300
               published before 1985.   the  right to  make  corrections to  my  edition or change  capitalizations. The  collection was
                   As usual,  I reserve
               48-50.
                                                                                                                                    could not be imagined to be stupid and misperceive of what Adam and Eve would do. God knew
                                                                                                                                    could not be imagined to be stupid and misperceive of what Adam and Eve would do. God knew
       18. Barkay, G. (1992). The World's Oldest Poorbox. Biblical Archaeology Review 18(6). pp.                                40. Barkay, G., Fantalkin, A., & Tal, O. (2002). A Late Iron Age Fortress North of Jerusalem.
               13 published before 1985.
                  See D.J. Harrington, Pseudo-Philon, Les antiquités bibliques. SC 230 (Paris: Les Éditions du Cerf, 1976) vol. 1, p.
            19. Barkay, G. (1992). "The Prancing Horse". Tel Aviv 19,1. pp. 124-129.
                                                                                                                                    that in the end his rule will triumph.
               13
          48-50.   See D.J. Harrington, Pseudo-Philon, Les antiquités bibliques. SC 230 (Paris: Les Éditions du Cerf, 1976) vol. 1, p.   that in the end his rule will triumph.
               72. Now, I cannot refrain myself from adding that my life has been enriched by so many wonderful women and men
                                                                                                                                    Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 328. pp. 49-72.
            20. Barkay,  G. (1992).  The  Priestly  Benediction  on  Silver  Plaques  from  Ketef Hinnom  in

               72. Now, I cannot refrain myself from adding that my life has been enriched by so many wonderful women and men

       19. Barkay, G. (1992). "The Prancing Horse". Tel Aviv 19,1. pp. 124-129.                                                 41. Barkay, G. (2003). Iron Age II Incised Potsherds and Potters' Marks. in: Geva, H. (Ed.).
               who are world renowned; not I ponder to feel the joy I shared with Kathlene Kenyon, Adella Yarbro Collins,  Lea
               Jerusalem. Tel Aviv 19,2. pp. 139-192.
               who are world renowned; not I ponder to feel the joy I shared with Kathlene Kenyon, Adella Yarbro Collins,  Lea
               Berkuz, Amy-Jill Levine, Roland de Vaux. Benoit. Callaway, Ernest Wright, Dan Harrington, and John Strugnell in
       20. Barkay,  G. (1992).  The  Priestly  Benediction  on  Silver  Plaques  from  Ketef Hinnom  in                             Jewish Quarter Excavations in the Old City of Jerusalem: V. 2. The Finds from Areas A,
               Berkuz, Amy-Jill Levine, Roland de Vaux. Benoit. Callaway, Ernest Wright, Dan Harrington, and John Strugnell in
            21. Barkay, G. (1993). A Bulla of Ishmael, the King's Son. Bulletin of the American Schools of
               Jerusalem and with George MacRae in Rome. The respect I received from so many around the world helped me to
          Jerusalem. Tel Aviv 19,2. pp. 139-192.
               Jerusalem and with George MacRae in Rome. The respect I received from so many around the world helped me to
                                                                                                                                    W and X-2. Jerusalem:  Israel  Exploration Society  &  Institute of  Archaeology, Hebrew

               Oriental Research 290/291. pp. 109-114.
               have sufficient energy to edit the OTP and the DSS.
       21. Barkay, G. (1993). A Bulla of Ishmael, the King's Son. Bulletin of the American Schools of                               15  Phénoménologie de la perception was published in 1945 by Éditions Gallimard. In 1962, an English translation by
               have sufficient energy to edit the OTP and the DSS.
                                                                                                                                    University of Jerusalem. pp. 50-62.
                                                                                                                                    15
            22. Barkay, G. (1993).  The Redefining of  Archaeological Periods:  Does the Date 588/586
               14
                                                                                                                                      Phénoménologie de la perception was published in 1945 by Éditions Gallimard. In 1962, an English translation by
                  I am pleased to note the early reference to Aliyah (erit terra alia) which is the term used by Jews (especially
               14
                  I am pleased to note the early reference to  Aliyah (erit terra alia) which is the term used by Jews (especially
                                                                                                                                    Colin Smith  was published by Routledge & Kegan Paul. In 2013, Routledge published an English translation by
          Oriental Research 290/291. pp. 109-114.                                                                               42. Barkay, G.,  Lundberg,  M.,  Vaughn, A.,  Zuckerman,  B.,  &  Zuckerman, K.  (2003).  The
                                                                                                                                    Colin Smith was published by Routledge & Kegan Paul. In 2013, Routledge published an English translation by
               B.C.E. Indeed Mark the End of the Iron Age Culture?. in: Biran, A. & Aviram, J. (Eds.).
               Zionists) who return from the Diaspora to the geographical Land of Israel, the Holy Land. On the roads in Israel, I
               Zionists) who return from the Diaspora to the geographical Land of Israel, the Holy Land. On the roads in Israel, I
       22. Barkay, G. (1993).  The Redefining of  Archaeological Periods:  Does the Date 588/586                                    Donald Landes.  See  Charlesworth,  “Merleau-Ponty’s  Phenomenological  Description  of  ‘Word,’”  Philosophy and
                                                                                                                                    Challenges of Ketef Hinnom. Near Eastern Archaeology 66(4). pp. 162-171.  ‘Word,’” Philosophy and
               often see “Aliyah” which means you are going up. Metaphorically one goes up to the Holy City, Jerusalem.
                                                                                                                                    Phenomenological Research 30 (1970) 609-13.
                                                                                                                                    Donald Landes. See Charlesworth,  “Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenological Description of
               Biblical Archaeology Today, 1990; Proceedings of the Second International Congress on
               often see “Aliyah” which means you are going up. Metaphorically one goes up to the Holy City, Jerusalem.
          B.C.E. Indeed Mark the End of the Iron Age Culture?. in: Biran, A. & Aviram, J. (Eds.).                                   Phenomenological Research 30 (1970) 609-13.
           Biblical Archaeology Today, 1990; Proceedings of the Second International Congress on
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