Page 15 - e-MODULE BIOLOGY ZALDY

2. Artificial Classification System
Artificial classification systems are classifications for practical purposes, for
example, based on their utility. Based on their use, plants are grouped into
medicinal plants (ginger, quinine, eucalyptus, ginseng, etc.), ornamental plants
(roses, jasmine, frangipani, bougainvillea, orchids), staple food plants (rice, maize,
wheat, yams), plants. fruits (oranges, apples, strawberries, mangoes), clothing
plants (cotton), and plants for building materials (teak, bamboo, mahogany,
meranti).
The artificial classification system was first introduced by a Swedish
naturalist, Carolus Linnaeus. He classified plants based on their sexual
reproductive organs (flowers). The group of mammals is named after the presence
of the mammary glands (mammae) that are used to feed their cubs.

Medicinal plants Crops

Decorative plants Fruits plants

3. Phylogenetic Classification Systems
In the phylogenetic system, classification is based on the close relationship
between organisms or groups of organisms by looking at the similarities of
morphological characteristics, anatomical structure, physiology, and ethology
(behavior). Phylogeny is a kinship relationship between organisms based on their
evolutionary process. This kinship is described as a phylogenetic tree. The
classification of phylogenetic systems was introduced since the emergence of the
theory of evolution put forward by Charles Darwin in 1859.

Biology/X.1/2020
Nusaputera SHS 15