Page 12 - e-MODULE BIOLOGY ZALDY

E. Human Efforts to Preserve and Increase Biodiversity.

Not all human activities result in reducing biodiversity. There are also activities that
actually increase biodiversity.
Biodiversity conservation goals:
1. Maintain a balance of ecosystems and animal / plant habitats.
2. Protect flora, fauna, soil and the environment from damage and extinction.
3. Maintaining high levels of biodiversity to sustain life.
4. Maintain state assets in the form of potential living natural resources.

Conservation strategy in Indonesia:
1. Nature protection, aims to preserve flora, fauna, water and soil. In a way :
a. In situ preservation, conservation efforts in their natural habitat. Examples : tourist
parks, national parks, protected forests, nature reserves, wildlife reserves.
b. Ex situ conservation, conservation efforts outside their natural habitat. Examples :
zoos, collection gardens, germplasm gardens, animal captivity.

2. Nature protection with a specific purpose.
a. balanced nature protection, for example Bogor Botanical Gardens.
b. nature protection strictly, for example Ujung Kulon National Park.
c. special protection of natural elements for example protection of botany, zoology,
anthropology.

1. Greening activities
Greening activities increase biodiversity. Greening activities are not only planting but more
importantly taking care of the plants after planting.

2. Making city parks
The construction of city parks in addition to increasing oxygen content, reducing
environmental temperatures, providing beauty, also increases biodiversity.

3. Breeding
 Endangered and endangered animals or plants can be conserved by in situ and ex situ
breeding.
 In situ breeding is breeding in its natural habitat. For example establishing Ujung Kulon
Nature Reserve, Komodo National Park.
 Ex situ breeding is breeding outside its natural habitat, but the environmental
atmosphere is made similar to the original. For example, animal captivity in zoos (tigers,
elephants, Bali starlings).

4. Maintaining forest sustainability
Forests are the habitat for various types of plants and animals. Hence its sustainability must
be taken care of. To protect the forest, it is necessary to take measures, such as:
 Reforestation, which is replanting forests that have been deforested.
 Selective cutting, meaning that if we need wood, the tree to be cut must meet the age and
size requirements.
 Avoid forest fires.

Biology/X.1/2020
Nusaputera SHS 12