Page 7 - e-MODULE BIOLOGY ZALDY

throughout the year, high rainfall and high temperatures. In Indonesia, tropical
rainforests are found on the islands of Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Papua.
 Savanna, there are areas where the rainfall is little. The savanna is a meadow
punctuated by clustered trees. Sabana is found in West Nusa Tenggara and East Nusa
Tenggara.
 Steppa, is a very broad meadow. Steppes are in areas where rainfall is very little or low.
Steppes are found in East Nusa Tenggara, good for livestock.
 Mangrove forest, are forests that grow on muddy beaches. Mangrove forests are found
on the coast of Papua, eastern Sumatra, West Kalimantan and South Kalimantan.

1. Distribution of fauna (animal world) in Indonesia

Indonesia's biodiversity is unique, because the archipelago is located between two
major biogeographic areas, namely the Oriental biogeographic area and the Australian
biogeographic area. This causes the areas that are located close to the Australian
continent, the organisms that inhabit it are similar to organisms found in the Australian
biogeographic area, while the areas that are located near the Asian continent, the
organisms that inhabit it are similar to organisms found in the Oriental biogeography
area.

• Oriental biogeographic areas include the islands of Sumatra, Java, Bali, and
Kalimantan.
• Australia's biogeographic areas include the islands of Sulawesi, Maluku, Nusa
Tenggara and Papua.

Between the Oriental and Australian biogeographical areas, it is bounded by
the Wallace line, namely from the Makassar Strait to the south to the Lombok Strait.
However, according to Weber, that the animals in Sulawesi are not entirely like animals
in the Australian biogeography. but similar to the area of Oriental biogeography. So that
Sulawesi became a transitional area between Oriental and Australia.

Biology/X.1/2020
Nusaputera SHS 7