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396 √«¡º≈ß“π∑“ß«‘™“°“√¢Õß»“ μ√“®“√¬å∏“π‘π∑√å °√—¬«‘‡™’¬√

Õπ÷Ëߥ—ß∑’ˉ¥â°≈à“«·≈â«„πμÕπμâπ«à“, °“√√à“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬π—Èπ®–√à“ß„À⺟â∑’Ë ÿ®√‘μ‡¢â“„®

‰¥â∂Ÿ°μâÕ߇∑à“π—ÈπÀ“‡æ’¬ßæÕ‰¡à, À“°·μàμâÕß欓¬“¡√à“ß‚¥¬¡‘¬Õ¡„À⺟≡à ÿ®√‘μ¡’
‚Õ°“ ®ß„®‡¢â“„®º‘¥¥â«¬. ¥—ßπ—Èπ®÷ßμâÕßæ‘®“√≥“„π·ßà¢ÕߺŸâ‰¡à ÿ®√‘μ¥â«¬«à“, ¡’™àÕß∑“ß

∑’Ë®–∑ÿ®√‘μ∫‘¥‡∫◊Õπμ’§«“¡À¡“¬°ÆÀ¡“¬π—Èπ‡ªìπÕ◊Ëπ‰¥âÀ√◊Õ‰¡à. „π∑”πÕ߇¥’¬«°—π,

°“√√à“ß —≠≠“°Á¥’, °“√√à“ßæ‘π—¬°√√¡°Á¥’ μâÕß欓¬“¡∑¥ Õ∫„π¡ÿ¡°≈—∫«à“¡’™àÕß‚À«à
μà“ßÊ À√◊Õ‰¡à¥â«¬.

‡ŒÕ√å‡∫‘√åμ ‡ªπ‡´Õ√å (Herbert Spencer) ª√—™≠“‡¡∏’™“«Õ—ß°ƒ… ¡—¬ª≈“¬
§√‘ μ»μ«√√…∑’Ë Ò˘ °≈à“«„π‡√◊ËÕß°“√„™â¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…∑’Ë¥’ „πÀπ—ß ◊Õ ‡√◊ËÕß ùÀ≈—°«‘™“

—ߧ¡«‘∑¬“û (Principles of Sociology) «à“ : ùÀ≈—°°“√„™â¿“…“Õ—ß°ƒ…∑’Ë¥’¡’À⓪√–°“√,
·μà≈–ª√–°“√¡’§«“¡ ”§—≠≈¥À≈—Ëπ°—π¥—ßπ’ȧ◊Õ (Ò) „™â§”Õ—ß°ƒ…·∑â, ·∑π∑’Ë®–„™â§”

Õ—ß°ƒ…∑’Ë¡’√“°‡ßâ“¡“®“°¿“…“Õ◊Ëπ, (Ú) „™â§”‡©æ“–·≈–§”∑’Ë®—¥Õ¬Ÿà„πª√–‡¿∑√Ÿª∏√√¡

·∑π∑’Ë®–„™â§”∑—Ë«‰ª À√◊Õ§”∑’Ë®—¥Õ¬Ÿà„πª√–‡¿∑π“¡∏√√¡, (Û) ‡√’¬ß≈”¥—∫§”„π·μà≈–
ª√–‚¬§„Àâ∂Ÿ°μâÕß, (Ù) „À⧫“¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ”„πª√–‚¬§μ√ß°—π°—∫§«“¡π÷°§‘¥¢Õß

ºŸâ°≈à“«, ·≈– (ı) „™â∂âÕ¬§”„π√Ÿªμà“ßÊ °—π‡ªìπμâπ«à“, „™â§”æ—ß‡æ¬ ‡æ◊ËÕª√–À¬—¥
(ÚÙ)
‡«≈“¢ÕߺŸâÕà“πû. À≈—°°“√‡À≈à“π’È πà“®–π”¡“ª√—∫„™â°—∫°“√„™â¿“…“°ÆÀ¡“¬‰∑¬
‰¥â¥’.

®√‘ßÕ¬Ÿà ∑’Ë°ÆÀ¡“¬∫“ß≈—°…≥–‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕß∑’Ëπà“ π„®, ·μà à«π„À≠à¡—°®–‡ÀÁπ°—π‰ª
«à“‡√◊ËÕߢÕß°ÆÀ¡“¬‡ªìπ‡√◊ËÕßπà“‡∫◊ËÕÀπà“¬. ªí≠À“πà“§‘¥¡’«à“®–‡√’¬°√âÕß„Àâ∫ÿ§§≈∑—Ë«‰ª

À√◊Õ·¡â·μàπ—°°ÆÀ¡“¬‡Õß π„®„π«√√≥°√√¡°ÆÀ¡“¬‰¥âÕ¬à“߉√∫â“ß? ”À√—∫‡√◊ËÕß

(ÚÙ)
The five principles which Spencer gives and the order of their importance are :
the use of ùSaxon English wordsû rather than words of foreign derivation; the use
of specific, concrete words ùrather than words of an abstract or generic nature;
the ùright arrangementû of words and expressions most nearly related to thought;

and the use of various figures of speech (similes, metaphors, etc.) to secure
economy of attentionû.: Õâ“ß∂÷ß„π ùThe Language of the Law, Urban L. Lavery,
The American Bar Association Journal, Volume 8, 1922, p. 274.; πÕ°®“°π’È

‚ª√¥¥ŸÀ≈—°°“√√à“ß°ÆÀ¡“¬¢Õß¡Õß‡μ °‘‡ÕÕ√åª√—™≠“‡¡∏’™“«Ω√—Ë߇» ´÷ËßÕâ“ß∂÷ß„πμÕπμâπ
ª√–°Õ∫¥â«¬.