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¢âÕ‡¥◊Õ¥√âÕπ√”§“≠Õ¬à“ßÀπ÷Ëß∑’Ëæ∫§◊Õ §«“¡«‘μ°°—ß«≈·≈–À«“¥√–·«ß®“°°“√∂Ÿ°®—∫μ“¡ÕßÀ√◊Õ®—∫º‘¥ ‚¥¬
‡©æ“– ”À√—∫ºŸâμ‘¥ EM ∑’Ë„™â√–∫∫ GPS. ‚ª√¥¥Ÿ J. Kerr, et al., Process Evaluations of the Global

Positioning System (GPS) Electronic Monitoring Pilot: Qualitative Findings, Ministry of
Justice, UK, 2019, Available from https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/process-
evaluation-of-the-global-positioning-system-gps-electronic-monitoring-pilot, (accessed 18 April
2019), p.46; Nellis, ùSurveillance and Confinementû, supra note 2, p.52. πÕ°®“°π’Ȭ—ßæ∫«à“
°“√μ‘¥ EM Õ“®∑”„À⺟⠫¡‡°‘¥§«“¡√Ÿâ ÷°Õ—∫Õ“¬ √Ÿâ ÷°‰¡à ∫“¬®“°°“√μ‘¥Õÿª°√≥å ·≈–Õ“®¡’ªí≠À“„π°“√
À“ß“πÀ√◊Õ°“√∑”ß“π. ‚ª√¥¥Ÿ B. Payne and R. Gainey, ùA Qualitative Assessment of the Pains
Experienced on Electronic Monitoringû, International Journal of Offender Therapy and
Comparative Criminology, vol. 42, no. 2, 1998, pp. 149-163.
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