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394 √«¡º≈ß“π∑“ß«‘™“°“√¢Õß»“ μ√“®“√¬å∏“π‘π∑√å °√—¬«‘‡™’¬√

§«“¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ”«à“ ç¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡é

æ®π“πÿ°√¡©∫—∫√“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π æ.». ÚıÙÚ „À⧫“¡À¡“¬¢Õߧ”«à“
ç¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡é ‰«â«à“ 秫“¡‡∑’ˬß∏√√¡é 秫“¡™Õ∫∏√√¡é ·≈– 秫“¡™Õ∫¥â«¬‡Àμÿº≈é

μ“¡§«“¡À¡“¬∑’Ëæ®π“πÿ°√¡©∫—∫√“™∫—≥±‘μ¬ ∂“π„À≫âπ’È ¡’¢âÕπà“æ‘®“√≥“
≈÷°≈߉ªÕ’°«à“ ‡√“®–μ—¥ ‘π‰¥âÕ¬à“߉√«à“ ‘Ëß„¥‡∑’ˬß∏√√¡ ™Õ∫∏√√¡ À√◊Õ™Õ∫¥â«¬

‡Àμÿº≈·≈â«À√◊Õ§«√®–„™âÀ≈—°‡°≥±å„¥„π°“√μ—¥ ‘π´÷Ëß„π‡√◊ËÕßπ’È°Á¡’π—°ª√“™≠å·≈–
π—°°ÆÀ¡“¬ ∑—ÈߢÕßμà“ߪ√–‡∑»·≈–¢Õ߉∑¬ ‰¥â„À⧔Õ∏‘∫“¬∑’Ëπà“»÷°…“‰«âÕ¬à“ßÀ≈“°À≈“¬

Õ√‘ ‚μ‡μ‘≈ π—°ª√“™≠噓«°√’° ‰¥â„À⧔Õ∏‘∫“¬„π‡™‘ß𑇠∏ ‰«â«à“:

秫“¡Õ¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡‡°‘¥¢÷Èπ‡¡◊ËÕ§π∑’ˇ∑à“°—π‰¥â√—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘Õ—π‰¡à‡∑à“‡∑’¬¡°—π ·≈–

‡¡◊ËÕ§π∑’ˉ¡à‡∑à“‡∑’¬¡°—π‰¥â√—∫°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘Õ—π‡∑à“‡∑’¬¡°—πé (Injustice arises when equals
are treated unequally, and also when unequals are treated equally.)

ª√–¡«≈°ÆÀ¡“¬¢Õßæ√–‡®â“®—°√æ√√¥‘®— 쑇π’¬π„π¿“§·√°∑’ˇ√’¬°«à“
çThe Institute of Justiniané ´÷Ëߪ√–¡«≈‰«â‡¡◊ËÕª√–¡“≥ Ò,ı ªï∑’Ë·≈⫉¥â°≈à“«∂÷ß

秫“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡é „πÕ“√—¡¿∫∑¢Õߪ√–¡«≈°ÆÀ¡“¬«à“:

秫“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡ §◊Õ ‡®μ®”πßÕ—π·πà«·πàμ≈Õ¥°“≈∑’Ë®–„Àâ·°à∑ÿ°§πμ“¡ à«π∑’ˇ¢“

§«√®–‰¥âé (Justice is the constant and perpetual wish to render everyone his
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due.)

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»“ μ√“®“√¬åª√’¥’ ‡°…¡∑√—æ¬å ‰¥â„Àâ¢âÕ —߇°μ„π‡√◊ËÕߧ«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡μ“¡°ÆÀ¡“¬‚√¡—π‰«â«à“
§”𑬓¡¢Õߧ«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡μ“¡ª√–¡«≈°ÆÀ¡“¬¢Õßæ√–‡®â“®—°√æ√√¥‘®— 쑇π’¬ππ’È ç°àÕ„À⇰‘¥
®‘μ ”π÷°‡°’ˬ«°—∫§«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡¢÷Èπ„π„®¢Õßπ—°°ÆÀ¡“¬·≈–‡ªìπÀ≈—°¬÷¥‡Àπ’ˬ«‡ ¡Õ¡“ ∂◊Õ°—π«à“

‡ªìπ§ÿ≥∏√√¡¢Õßπ—°°ÆÀ¡“¬∑’Ë ”§—≠¬‘Ëß„π«—≤π∏√√¡μ–«—πμ°é ·≈– ç°“√ª≈Ÿ°Ωíß«à“
π—°π‘μ‘»“ μ√åÀ√◊Õμÿ≈“°“√ºŸâ«‘π‘®©—¬§¥’®–μâÕßμ—Èß„®À¡—ËπΩñ°Ωπμπ Ωñ°®‘μ„®„Àâμ—Èß¡—ËπÕ¬Ÿà„π‡®μ®”πß
‡™àππ—Èπ ®÷ß®–‰¥â™◊ËÕ«à“‡ªìπºŸâÕ”π«¬§«“¡¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡Õ¬à“ß·∑â®√‘ß ·≈–°“√ªØ‘∫—μ‘μπ‡™àππ—Èπ àßμàÕ°—π
¡“À≈“¬√âÕ¬ªïπ’È π—∫‡ªìπ‡ “‡Õ°§È” ∂“∫—π¬ÿμ‘∏√√¡„À≥â√—∫°“√¬°¬àÕß·≈–°“√¬Õ¡√—∫π—∫∂◊Õ„Àâ

‡ªìπ ∂“∫—π ”À√—∫™’È¢“¥°√≥’æ‘æ“∑¢ÕߧŸà°√≥’Õ¬à“߇μÁ¡„®μ≈Õ¥¡“é : »“ μ√“®“√¬åª√’¥’
‡°…¡∑√—æ¬å, À≈—°°“√¢Õß«‘™“™’æ°ÆÀ¡“¬, ∫—π∑÷°§”∫√√¬“¬æ‘‡»…, Àπâ“ ÛÚ˜-ÛÚ¯