Page 90 - E-Book Buku Nutrisi Pemakanan

GLOSSARY

Anemia A condition in which the haemoglobin (Hb) concentration in the blood is lower than
A carry oxygen to tissues is compromised, resulting in symptoms such as fatigue, reduced
normal. When the haemoglobin concentration decreases, the capacity of the blood to
(WHO, 2017)
physical work capacity, and shortness of breath, among others.

Childhood For children from birth to age 5, obesity is defined as Body Mass Index (BMI) more than 3
standard deviations (SD) above the WHO growth standard median, and overweight is
C Obesity defined as BMI more than 2 SD above the WHO growth standard median, based on the
(WHO, 2006)
WHO Child Growth Standards (WHO 2006).
For children aged 5 to 19, obesity is defined as BMI more than 2 SD above the WHO growth
standard median, and overweight is BMI more than 1 SD above the WHO growth standard
median based on the WHO Reference 2007 (WHO 2007). (de Onis M et. al, 2007)

Diabetes A metabolic disease of multiple aetiology characterized by elevated levels of blood
glucose (or blood sugar), with the disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein
D mellitus metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion or action (WHO, 1999)

Disease burden/ Considers health, social, political, environmental and economic factors to determine the
cost that disease and disability exert upon the individual and society.
(CDC, 2019)
burden of disease

Double burden of Co-existence of undernutrition, overnutrition and dietrelated NCDs in the same country,
community, household or sometimes even the same child.
(Shrimpton R and Roks C, 2012)
malnutrition
The co-existence of undernutrition along with overweight and obesity, or diet-related
noncommunicable diseases, within individuals, households and populations, and across
the life course. (WHO, 2017)

Exclusive No other food or drink, not even water, except breast milk (including milk expressed or
from a wet nurse) for 6 months of life, but allows the infant to receive ORS, drops and
E breastfeeding syrups (vitamins, minerals and medicines). (WHO,2008)

27 National Nutrition Policy
of Malaysia 2.0