Page 19 - CROSS CULTURE

all-inclusive phenomenon, to the narrowest (e.g. the human way of life).

One inclusive definition of this is the classical definition put forward

by Sir Edward Burnett Tylor (1874) which defines culture as "a complex

whole that includes knowledge, beliefs, art, morals, laws, customs, and
other abilities and customs acquired by man as a member of society"

(Reisinger, 2009). If we look closely, then this definition emphasizes the

inclusive nature of culture (many variables are included). These

definitions view culture as follows.

1. Human environment. Culture has been created by humans and is

part of the man-made environment that unites human groups.

2. Social heritage and traditions. Culture refers to the history of a

nation, region, or group of people, and its traditions, customs,

crafts, architecture, music, and painting.
3. Way of life. Culture is a way of life of a group of people or an

entire society that shows how to live and what criteria are used

to decide what to do in life and how to do things.

4. Behavior. Culture is about human behavior. Culture influences

human behavior and shows how people should behave. Culture
determines the patterns of behavior attributed to a particular

group of people, and the conditions and atmosphere in which

various behaviors occur. Culture also helps interpret,

understand, and predict the behavior of others. People's behavior

depends on the culture in which they were raised. Culture is the
foundation of human behavior.

5. Rules of social life. Culture is a set of rules that give direction on

how people should behave in their lives. These rules also allow

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