Page 6 - Group 4_Project_CESP2021

a bond that occurs the number of electrons used to pair is two electrons or a pair of

electrons, then the bond is called a single covalent bond. If four electrons or two pairs
are used for a pair, it is called a double covalent bond. If there are six electrons or three

pairs of shared electrons, it is called a triple covalent bond. If the electron pair only
comes from one of the bonding atoms, the bond formed is a coordinate covalent bond.

Each non-metal atom is densely packed with electrons (high EI) and tends to

attract other electrons as well (very negative AE). The attraction of each atomic nucleus
on the valence electrons of other atoms holds the atoms together in bonds. The shared

electron pair is considered to be localized between two atoms because it spends most
of its time there (Andromeda, et al, 2019). Very strong covalent bonds occur between

atoms that have similar electronegativities. Therefore, a covalent bond is not entirely a
bond between two atoms of the same element, but in their electronegativity (Hartono

and Wulansari, 2017).

2. Classification of Covalent Compound
Covalent compounds are divided into several types, namely:

A. Based on The Bonds Formed

1. Single Covalent Bond
A single covalent bond is a covalent bond that involves the sharing of 1 electron

pair (2 electrons) by the two atoms that are bonded together. For example, the
formation of HCl and CH4 compounds.

Formation of HCl
1
Electron configuration 1H: 1s , so that the valence electrons = 1. To achieve a
stable electron configuration (according to the duplet rule) 1 electron is needed.
6
5
2
Electron configuration for 17Cl: 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p , so that CI has valence
2
2

Covalent Compound| 5