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Phased Development & Osmosis
“If real development is to take place, the people have to be involved.”
territory; non-provision of public services; widespread corruption and criminality; refugees
and involuntary movement of populations; and sharp economic decline
The report uses 12 factors to determine the rating for each nation, including security
threats, economic implosion, human rights violations and refugee flows.
Social
Mounting demographic pressures and tribal, ethnic and/or religious conflicts.
Massive internal and external displacement of refugees, creating severe humanitarian
emergencies
Widespread vengeance-seeking group grievances.
Chronic and sustained human flight.
Economic
Widespread corruption
High economic inequality
Uneven economic development along group lines.
Severe economic decline.
Political
Delegitimization of the state.
Deterioration of public services.
Suspension or arbitrary application of law; widespread human rights abuses.
Security forces operating as a "state within a state" often with impunity.
Rise of factionalized elites.
Intervention of external political agents and foreign states.”
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Fragile States Index
World
Ranking 2020 Change from 2019
2 Somalia 110.9 Positive decrease 1.4
3 South Sudan 110.8 Positive decrease 1.4
5 DR Congo 109.4 Positive decrease 0.8
6 CAR 107.5 Positive decrease 1.4
7 Chad 106.4 Positive decrease 2.1
8 Sudan 104.8 Positive decrease 3.2
10 Zimbabwe 99.2 Positive decrease 0.3
11 Burundi 97.9 Positive decrease 0.3
11 Cameroon 97.9 Negative increase 0.9
