Page 172 - Clinical Manual of Small Animal Endosurgery

160 Clinical Manual of Small Animal Endosurgery

(a)

(b)

Fig. 5.17 Bladder polyps may be associated with a single large irregular
calculus. (a) Cystoscopic view of an irregular calculus and polyp visible at 12
o’clock. (b) Following removal of calculi, a pedunculated polyp is visualised
inside the bladder.

constant rate infusion when either postoperative vomiting is anticipated
or the stomach needs initial bypass. Gastric and oesophageal feeding
tubes are used when the risks of vomiting or regurgitation are minimal;
with these, feedings can be performed at home. The gastric feeding tubes
can be placed with open, laparoscopic or percutaneous endoscopic gas-
trostomy (PEG) techniques. One very useful combination is the gastro-
jejunal (or G-J) tube wherein a gastric feeding tube is placed using an
open technique and the intestinal tube is fed through the gastric tube
into the stomach and down into the small bowel. The intestinal feeding
is performed while the animal is recovering in the hospital and then the