Page 1253 - Veterinary Toxicology, Basic and Clinical Principles, 3rd Edition

1184 Index

VetBooks.ir Lactation, physiology of, 296 Leukoencephalomalacia, 1012 1014 structural and functional organization
Leukopenia, 76 77
acinus, 239 241
Lactic acidosis, 397, 727
Lactogenesis, 296
Leukotrienes (LTs), 365 366
lobule, 239 241
Lactotropic prolactin secretion, 296
Laidlomycin, 1073, 1074f Levamisole, 107 Liver toxicity
Levocabastine, 376, 376t
hepatic injury, 249f
Lambkill, 230 Levocetirizine, 376, 376t idiosyncratic reactions, 253 254
Large carnivores, 58 Lewisite (C 2 H 2 AsCl 3 ), 77 79 mechanisms of liver damage, 249 253
Larkspurs (Delphinium spp.), 230, 837, LD 50 for, 78t cholestasis, 252
846 852 mechanism of action, 77 disruption of calcium homeostasis and cell
alkaloids, 849t, 850 pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics, 77 membrane damage, 251
characteristics of dominant larkspur species, shock, 77 disruption of cytoskeleton, 252
847t toxicity, 77 78 hepatogenous photosensitization, 252 253
distribution and habitat, 846 847 treatment, 78 79 inhibition of tissue repair response, 253
intoxication, 850 Leydig cells, 282 283, 303 mitochondrial injury, 251 252
prevention and management of poisoning LH. See Luteinizing hormone (LH) oxidative stress mediated by free radicals,
drug intervention, 851 Lidocaine, 206, 396 250 251
graze sheep before cattle, 851 Lifestyle risk factors, 812 postulated mechanism of immune-mediated
grazing management, 851 Ligand binding domain (LBD), 807 halothane hepatotoxicity, 254f
herbicidal control, 852 Light chain metalloproteases, 743 types of toxicant-induced liver injury,
relationship between toxicity and palatability Liliaceae, 54, 63 64 246 249
in tall larkspurs, 850f Liliaceae spp., 893 Livestock, 114, 893 894
toxicology, 848 851, 849t Lilium lancifolium. See Tiger lily (Lilium chemicals in livestock drinking water quality
Lasalocid, 720, 1074f lancifolium) assessment, 1099, 1100t
Latrodectism, 782 Lilium spp., 268 disease, 469
Latrodectus species, 206 Lily of Valley. See Convallaria majalis guide to use of saline waters, 1112t
Laudanum, 392 (Liliaceae family) ingestion of petroleum by, 661 662
Lauraceae family, 228 Limber neck disease, 202 limits in drinking water for, 1102
Laurel, 230 “Limit of detection”, 1135 organic livestock production, 1102 1104
Lavage, 1146 LIMS. See Laboratory Information poisoning, 838 840
Laxatives, 379 381, 907 Management System (LIMS) rationale for livestock recommendations,
bulk-forming, 379 Lindane, 509 1106 1112
irritant, 379 380 Linear energy transfer (LET), 328, 350 351 recommendations for selected chemicals for,
lubricant, 379 Linear nonthreshold exposure response 1103t
LBD. See Ligand binding domain (LBD) relationships, 11 water quality recommendations, 1102
LC-DAD-FLD-MS method, 600 Linkages Lizards, 796 797
LC-ESI-MS methods, 599 600 for integrating information from sources, 9f mechanism of action, 797
LC-IT/MS method, 599 600 from sources to health impacts, 15 16 toxicity, 797
LC-MS/MS. See Liquid chromatography/ Lions (Panthera leo), 547 treatment, 797 798
tandem MS (LC-MS/MS) Lipid LLE. See Liquid Liquid Extraction (LLE)
LC/MS. See Liquid chromatography/mass emulsion, 1154 LOAEL. See Lowest observed adverse effect
spectroscopy (LC/MS) emulsion therapy, 368 level (LOAEL)
LD 50 . See Lethal dose 50 (LD 50 ) hydroperoxides, 556 Lobule(s), 216, 239 241
LD 95 . See Lethal dose 95 (LD 95 ) peroxidation, 250 251 “Loco” toxin, 838
LDH. See Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) peroxy radicals, 250 “Locoism”, 838, 841
LD min . See Minimum lethal dose (MLD) Lipofuscin, 248 Locoweed(s), 232, 837 843
Lead (Pb), 268, 299, 302, 439, 725, 1110 Lipoic acid, 412 comparison of Astragalus and Oxytropis,
mechanism of action, 440 Lipophilicity, 134 838f
poisoning, 48 50, 58 59, 439 Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), 289 conditions of grazing, 842
toxicity, 440 441 Liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy distribution and ecology, 838 840, 839t
toxicokinetics, 439 440 (LC/MS), 951, 958, 1128 1130, 1132 poisoning, 840 841
toxicosis, 41 42 Liquid chromatography/tandem MS (LC-MS/ prevention of poisoning and management
treatment, 441 442 MS), 1071, 1130 recommendations, 842 843
Legalon-Sil, 957 958 Liquid Liquid Extraction (LLE), 1131 1132 toxicology, 840 841
Leopard tortoise (Geochelone pardalis), 544 Lithium (Li), 661 toxin, 841 842
Lepiota genera, 955 956 “Little Boy” (atomic bomb), 66 Locust Tree. See Italy black locust (Robinia
Lepiota josserandii (L. josserandii), 955 956 Live Oaks. See Quercus spp. pseudoacacia)
Lesions, 991, 1069 Liver, 239, 418 419, 570. See also Toxic liver Lolitrem B, 1035f
LET. See Linear energy transfer (LET) injury Long-eared owl (Asio otus), 593
Lethal concentration 50 (LC 50 ), 526 527 cell types, 242 243 Long-lived perennial plants, 840
Lethal dose, 235 diverse function, 241 242 Long-term chronic effects, 108 111. See also
Lethal dose 50 (LD 50 ), 26 27, 390 391, 489, hepatotoxins of veterinary interest, 240t Acute toxicity—effects
526 527, 647 648, 769 injury, 239 antimicrobial effects, 109 110
Lethal dose 95 (LD 95 ), 958 lesions, 768 769 hormonal effects, 110 111
Lethal synthesis, 496 500 lobular vs. acinar concept in, 241f Long-term potentiation (LTP), 683 684