Page 1257 - Veterinary Toxicology, Basic and Clinical Principles, 3rd Edition

1188 Index

VetBooks.ir MTD. See Maximum tolerated dose level Mustard gas (C 4 H 8 Cl 2 S), 74 77. See also Naked Ladies. See Colchicum autumnale L
(Liliaceae Family, Colchicaceae
(MTD)
Chlorine gas (Cl 2 gas)
MU. See Mouse unit (MU)
LD 50 for, 76t
Family)
Mulga apples, 932
pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics,
Mulga liver, 932 mechanism of action, 75 Naloxone, 393 394
Naloxone HCl, 1155
Mu ¨llerian inhibiting substance (MIS), 294 295 74 75 Nanofibers, 319
Multidimensional HPLC/MS techniques, toxicity, 75 76 Nanomaterials
164 165 treatment, 76 77 animal or tissue exposures, 321 322
Multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE), Mustard scavenger, 76 characterization, 321
554 555 Mustela erminea. See Stoats (Mustela erminea) emerging challenges, 324 325
Multidrug resistance proteins (MDRS), Mustela lutreola. See European mink (Mustela epidemiological data, 323 324
245 246 lutreola) inhalation exposure, 323
Multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MDR Mustela nivalis. See Weasels (Mustela nivalis) intranasal exposure, 323
proteins), 243 Mustela putorius. See Polecats (Mustela intratracheal instillation pharyngeal
Multidrug resistance-associated proteins putorius) aspiration, 322
(MRPS), 245 246 Muta Mouse models, 151 toxicology, 319
Multiple congenital contractures (MCC), 298, Mutagenicity tests, 353t Nanoparticles, 319
312 MutS-MutL-MutH protein complex, 348 exposure in home, 324
Multistage model of carcinogenesis, 344 Mutual recognition procedure, 105 Nanorods, 319
Multistep biological process, 342 344 Myc oncogene, 349 Nanotechnology, 324 325
mechanism of action of tumor initiators, Mycotoxicoses, 54 Nanotoxicology, 319 321
342t Mycotoxin(s), 62 63, 235, 266, 713, Nanotubes, 319
tumor initiation, 342 737 738, 1023, 1033 NAPQI. See N-Acetyl benzoquinoneimine
tumor progression, 343 344 aflatoxins, 738 (NAPQI); N-Acetyl-p-benzoquinone
tumor promotion, 343 FBs, 737 imine (NAPQI)
Muscarinic ACh receptor (mAChR), 504 MON, 737 Naproxen, 358, 364 365
Muscarinic agents, 960 mycotoxin-associated stagger syndromes, Narasin, 720, 1073, 1074f
mechanism of action, 960 1033 Narcan. See Naloxone HCl
pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics, 960 ochratoxins, 737 Narcozep, 394
toxicity, 960 trichothecenes, 737 Narrow leaf milkweeds, 879 880, 880f
treatment, 960 zearalenone, 737 738 NAS. See National Academy of Sciences
Muscarinic effects, 83, 201 Mydriasis, 81 (NAS)
Muscarinic receptor, 1149 1150 Myelin, 199 200 Nasal
Muscimol, 961 degeneration, 485 486, 725 granuloma, 216
Mushroom poisoning, 955 Myoglobin, 634 toxic diseases of nasal passages, 216
Mushroom toxins, 955 Myriapoda, 785 786 and upper airway reactivity, 221 222
gastrointestinal irritants, 963 Myrotheciotoxicosis, 1050 Nasoduodenal suctioning, 958
hepatotoxic cyclopeptides, 955 956 Nasopharynx, 215
pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics, 956 National Academy of Sciences (NAS), 186
hydrazines, 959 960 N NAS recommendations (1974), 1101 1102
1
1
mechanism of action, 959 Na /K -ATPase. See Sodium potassium recommended limits in drinking water for
1
1
pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics, 959 ATPase pump (Na /K -ATPase) livestock and poultry, 1102
toxicity, 959 NAAQS. See National Ambient Air Quality National Ambient Air Quality Standards
treatment, 959 960 Standards (NAAQS) (NAAQS), 11
isoxazoles, 960 962 Nabilone, 388 National Cancer Institute (NCI), 8
mechanism of action, 961 NAC. See N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) National Center for Toxicological Research
pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics, 961 N-acetyl benzoquinoneimine (NAPQI), (NCTR), 90
toxicity, 961 359 National Institute for Occupational Safety and
treatment, 961 962 N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), 250, Health (NIOSH), 8
mechanism of action, 956 958 584, 1155 1156 National Research Council (NRC), 30
toxicity, 957 N-acetylcysteine (NAC), 74, 361, 957 958, National Toxicology Program (NTP), 8, 90,
treatment, 957 958 1155 1156, 1156f 696 697
muscarinic agents, 960 therapy, 361 Natural sources, 328
mechanism of action, 960 N-acetyltransferase, 245 Natural steroids, 110
pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics, 960 nAChRs. See Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors Natural toxicants
toxicity, 960 (nAChRs) aflatoxins, 713 718
treatment, 960 N-acyltransferase enzymes, 1005 algal toxins, 712 713
psilocin and psilocybin, 962 963 NADA. See New animal drug application feed additives, 719 720
mechanism of action, 962 (NADA) fusariotoxins, 713 718
pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics, 962 NADPH. See Nicotinamide adenine mycotoxins, 713
toxicity, 962 dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen ochratoxin and citrinin, 719
treatment, 962 963 (NADPH) pesticides, 720 725
ramaria flavo-brunnescens, 963 964 NAFLD. See Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease plants, 713
renal toxic mushrooms, 963 (NAFLD) zootoxins, 719