Page 1258 - Veterinary Toxicology, Basic and Clinical Principles, 3rd Edition

Index 1189

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VetBooks.ir Naturally occurring radioactive materials Neurobehavioral effects, 682 683 Nitrate (NO 3 ), 60, 233, 735, 1110 1111,
Neurodegenerative diseases, 433
(NORMs), 659
1121
effects, 1110t
Neuroendocrine
Nausea, 760
NCI. See National Cancer Institute (NCI)
nitrate-accumulating plants, 941 943, 942t
NCTR. See National Center for Toxicological control of reproduction, 280 281 fertilizers, 941
effects, 681 682
Research (NCTR) Neurologic and hepatic effects in horses, diagnostic testing, 944 945
NE. See Norepinephrine (NE) 1012 1014 mechanism of action, 943 944
Nebulized beta adrenergic agonists, 74 Neurological effects, 663 664 pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics, 943
Necrohemorrhagic dermatitis, 718 Neurological syndrome, 882 toxicity, 944
Necrolytic dermatitis, 391 Neuromuscular blocking potency, treatment, 945
Necropsy, 597, 783 quantification of, 745 nitrate-containing plants, 233
Necrosis, 246 247, 1070 Neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), 495, poisoning, 941
Necrotic lesion, 783 770 771 Nitric acids, 638
Necrotic liver injury, 246 247 Neuronopathy, 197 198 Nitric oxide (NO), 72, 634, 683 684, 1078
Negative feedback loops in male reproduction, Neuronotoxicosis, 198 Nitric oxide synthase (NOS), 683 684
286 Neuropathy target esterase (NTE), 504 506 Nitrile herbicides, 563
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Neoantigens, 253 254 Neurotoxic component, 743 Nitrite (NO 2 ), 60, 735, 1110 1111, 1121
Neonatal horses, iron toxicity in, 435 436 Neurotoxic esterase (NTE), 723 effects, 1110t
Neonatal pigs, iron toxicity in, 435 Neurotoxicant(s), 197, 763 nitrite intoxication of aquatic animals, 735
Neonicotinoids, 515, 521, 522f, 724 and associated antidotes, 198t nitrite-accumulating plants, 941 943
insecticides, 521 by mechanism of action, 209t diagnostic testing, 944 945
mechanism of action, 522 Neurotoxicity, 149 150, 199, 699 700, mechanism of action, 943 944
pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics, 521 522 1021 1022 pharmacokinetics/toxicokinetics, 943
toxicity, 522 523 mechanisms, 208 toxicity, 944
treatment, 523 Neurotoxicoses, symptoms associated with, treatment, 945
Neoplasms, 249, 339 198t Nitro spp., 838 843
Neosorexa, 586 Neurotransmitters, 200, 440 Nitro-containing Astragalus, 844
Neotyphodium genera, 1033 Neutral ionophores, 1073 distribution, 844
N. coenophialum, 303, 995 New animal drug application (NADA), 92 prevention and treatment, 844
Neotyphodium-associated tremorgenic New animal drug approval, 92 toxicology, 844
mycotoxins, 1036 “New animal drug”, 92 Nitrobacter species, 734
Nephrocalcinosis, 419 New potential endpoints, 29 30 Nitrogen cycle, 733 734
Nephron, 259 260 New Zealand, poisonous plants of Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), 218 220, 637
Nephropathy, 370 plants hazardous to livestock, 929t clinical presentation, 638
Nephrosis, 902 903 reducing livestock losses associated with, diagnostic testing, 638
Nephrotoxic agents 911 933 pathophysiology, 638
drugs, 266 267 NF-kB cells. See Nuclear factor kappa-light- postmortem findings, 638
ethylene glycol, 269 chain-enhancer of activated B cells prevention, 638
melamine, 269 271 (NF-kB cells) prognosis, 638
metals, 267 268 NHEJ. See Nonhomologous end joining sources of exposure, 637
mycotoxins, 266 (NHEJ) toxic dose, 637
plants, 268 269 NI. See Northern Ireland (NI) toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics, 638
Nephrotoxic drugs, 366 Niaprazine, 376, 376t treatment, 638
Nephrotoxic effect, 719, 769 Nicotiana spp. See Tobacco (Nicotiana spp.) vulnerable populations, 638
Nephrotoxicants damage, 261 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate Nitroimidazole, 199
Nephrotoxicity, 267 268, 1021 hydrogen (NADPH), 556 3-Nitropropionic acid (NPA), 844
Nephrotoxins, 1019 1020 Nicotine, 385 Nitrosomonas species, 734
NER. See Nucleotide excision repair (NER) Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), Nitrotoxins, 838, 839t
Nerium oleander. See Oleander (Nerium 504, 712, 770 771, 850 Nitrous, 638
oleander) Nicotinic cholinergic receptors, 201 202 Nitrous oxide, 217
Nerium spp., 229 Nicotinic effects, 83, 200 201 NMDA receptors. See N-Methyl-D-aspartate
N. oleander, 901 Nicotinic receptor, 521, 1149 1150 receptors (NMDA receptors)
Nervous ergotism, 1036 Nicoumalone, 583 584 N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDA
Nervous impulses, 200 Nidulantes, 983 984 receptors), 205, 404, 440, 503
Nervous system, 197, 457 459 Nightshades, 882, 883t NMJs. See Neuromuscular junctions (NMJs)
mercury toxicity, 458 459 clinical signs, 882 NO. See Nitric oxide (NO)
pathology of petroleum, 666 toxins, 882 No Observable Adverse Effects Concentration
toxicity treatment, 882 (NOAEC), 109
functional toxicoses, 200 206 Nigropallidal encephalomalacia, 882 No observable effect levels (NOELs), 94, 107,
ion channels, 206 208 Nigrosine, 619 829 830, 1075
mechanisms of neurotoxicity, 208 NIOSH. See National Institute for Occupational No observed adverse effect level (NOAEL), 27,
neurotoxicants, 209t Safety and Health (NIOSH) 94, 118 119, 829 830
structural toxicoses, 197 200 Nissl substance, 199 Nodularia spumigena (N. spumigena), 772
Nettle Rush. See Phosgene oxime (CHCl 2 NO) Nitenpyram, 521 Nodularins, 765f, 772