Page 8 - Veterinary Toxicology, Basic and Clinical Principles, 3rd Edition

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Contents

List of Contributors xxvii Postscript 32
Preface xxxi References 32

Section I 2. Epidemiology of Animal Poisonings
General in the United States
Sharon M. Gwaltney-Brant
1. Concepts in Veterinary Toxicology
Introduction 37
Roger O. McClellan Background 37
Demographics 38
Introduction 3
Dogs 38
Historical Perspective 4
Cats 40
Historical Events 4
Other Species 40
Textbooks 4
Agents Involved 40
Organizations 6
Signs and Outcomes 42
Evolution of Veterinary Toxicology 7
Roots in Veterinary Medicine and Toxicology 7 Conclusions 43
Emergence of Science-Based Toxicology 7 References 43
Toxicology Joined to the Risk Paradigm 9 Further Reading 44
A Framework for Acquiring Information 15
Linkages From Sources to Health Impacts 15 3. Epidemiology of Animal
Toxicokinetics 16 Poisonings in Europe
Toxicodynamics 17
Francesca Caloni, Philippe Berny,
Veterinary Toxicology is Multifaceted 18
Siska Croubels, Magda Sachana
Sources of Information 18
and Raimon Guitart
Case Observations in the Species of Interest 18
Epidemiological/Epizootiological Studies 19 Introduction 45
Experimentation 20 Species Involved 45
Schematic Experimental Designs 21 Toxic Classes 47
Acquiring Toxicokinetic Data 21 Nonmetals and Metalloids 48
Acquiring Exposure (Dose)-Response Data 22 Metals 48
Toxicologic Descriptors 24 Copper (Cu) 48
Toxicology Rooted in Observations 24 Lead (Pb) 48
Quantifying Exposure 24 Other Metals and Inorganic Compounds 51
Describing Absorption, Distribution, Pesticides 51
Metabolism, and Excretion 25 Insecticides 51
Toxicant-Induced Responses 26 Rodenticides 52
Describing Exposure Response Other Pesticides 52
Relationships for Noncancer Endpoints 27 Oil 52
Cancer as an Endpoint 29 Feed-Associated Toxicants 52
New Potential Endpoints 29 Drugs and Related Compounds 53
Concluding Remarks and Future Directions 30 Household Products 53
Dedication 31 Toxins 53
Acknowledgments 31 Plants 54

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