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The four instructional goals are as follows. (1) Students are able to write
descriptive texts, linguistically accurate and culturally appropriate. (2) Students
are able to write recount texts, linguistically accurate and culturally appropriate.
(3) Students are able to write exposition texts, linguistically accurate and
culturally appropriate. (4) Students are able to write narrative texts, linguistically
accurate and culturally appropriate.
2. Teaching Steps
The teaching steps of an IBLL model in teaching writing skills in English
language education program at private universities are (1) noticing, (2)
comparing, (3) reflecting, (4) constructing, and (5) presenting. The modification
was done with adapting the students‘ level and characteristics as EFL learners in
private universities. The teaching steps were stated it was very effective to
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improve students‘ intercultural competences and writing skills for 4 semester
students of English language education.
Noticing
Presenting Comparing
Genre
Text
Constructing Reflecting
Figure 10. The Final Teaching Steps of the IBLL Model
The teaching steps of the IBLL model are oriented to form students‘
cultural awareness. Forming cultural awareness is conducted by promoting texts
containing cultural values. The texts are modified and presented in various text
types such as descriptive texts and exposition texts. These text types are as
students‘ writing products in the subject of writing III. Meanwhile, the process-
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