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distributed to the experts who have capability on teaching English, English
materials development, ELT curriculum development, applied linguistics, and

research on the foreign language teaching and learning.
b. Observation Sheet

The observation is done in the classroom to gather information and

description on the teaching and learning process. A direct observation is necessary
to be done in order to get the valuable information about the needs of students in

learning writing skill. This observation is intended to gain information also about
the students‘ feedback and response on the application of an interculture-based

language learning model in the teaching of writing skills. The data from the result
of observation is utilized to foster the data gained from the questionnaire and

interview since the try-out. This observation conducted directly by the researcher

and the lecturers of writing subject of IKIP Mataram. The valuable information is
written systematically and descriptively as the field note.

c. Interview Guide

The interview is particularly to gain immediate feedbacks of the first draft
after the try-out of the instructional model. This interview is expected to give

opinions and suggestions of the students in the learning-teaching process and of
the appropriate instructional materials for them. The information gathered from

this interview is valuable and useful to find the data of students‘ achievement in
applying the instructional model and the appropriate instructional materials. The

teaching-learning model covers opening, learning focus (input-output), language

focus, communication focus, fluency development, and closing. Then, the
components of instructional materials cover goals, inputs, procedures, teacher

role, student role, and setting. The specification of model and materials
instrumental contents is the same as questionnaire contents.

d. Writing Test
To know the improvement of students‘ achievement before and after the

developmental action, the researcher uses the writing test at the end of the

learning and teaching processes. The kinds of texts used for the test are
descriptive and exposition texts with cultural contents. The items of the writing

test for cultural texts are constructed based on the standard competence, basic

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