Page 49 - Full Solutions 2nd Advanced Student Book_Neat

1 reEl?lFfillffiHml You are going to read a text catled
Read the text. Decide whether the information in each
Tropical weather at the Poles. Do you thinl< it wi[ be mainty
about the future or the past? Give reasons for yourcnr*.i. sentence (1-8) is true, false or not stated.
True False Not
2 Read the text in the Reading exam task quickly and check 1 Shackleton and his men were state d
your answer. surprised to find coal at the Antarctic. trtr T
have been created in a warmer climate. trtrtr
The fossils that they found could only
Shacl<leton achieved the main
Atways read true/false statements before reading the trtrtr
objective of his expedition.
text closely. That way, you know what information you are
Most scientists believe that
tooking for. Remember that in order to be 'true' or 'fatse',
continental drift explains the fossits
the information in the whote sentence has to match TtrT
that were found in Antarctica.
exactty what is in the text or be expticitly contradicted by
The dinosaurs that used to live in
it. lf neither is the case, choose'not stated'. Do not be
Antarctica became extinct when the
misled by individuat words and phrases. ItrT
climate became much colder.
The Arctic was once inhabited by
3 Oo the Reading exam task. trrn
freshwater crocod i tes.
employed by a university in New Yorl<. trtrtr
lohn Tarduno is a Canadian scientist
Tropical weather at the Poles Scientists are not exactty sure what Ttrtr
a champsosaur looked [il<e.
WHEN Ernest Shackleton and his men marched towards the
South Pole in December 1908, they came across something
entirely unexpected. After scaling the vast Beardmore glacier on
the edge of the polar plateau, they found seams of coal amid the
snow and ice. They also found impressions of leaves in sandstone Do not be thrown by unknown words. You can often use
boulders nearby and even fossilised wood from a coniferous tree.
the context to guess their meaning, either precisely or
The conclusion was extraordinary but inescapable: Antarctica
approximately.
was once warm and forested, conditions that could hardly be
more differentto the far-below-freezing midsummer weather that
forced Shackleton's team to turn back before reaching their goal.
4 Read the Exom trp. Then find words 1-3 in the text and
How was this possible?
choose the meaning which makes most sense in the context.
Four years later, Alfred Wegener put forward his theory of
continental drift which, it was later realised, could explain the 1 scaling: a finding b ctimbing c leaving
2 batmy:
balmy climate: Antarctica had been warmer because it was once a warm b cotd c freezing
much closer to the equator. Even today, some schoolchildren are
3 a gharialis a type of: a lake b bone c reptite
taughtthat continental drift provides a complete explanation for
a warmer Antarctica.
5 Do the Use of Engtish exam tasl<.
However, the fossil trees Shackleton's team discovered
grew around 250 million years ago, when Antarctica was barely
closer to the equator than it is today. What's more, the continent
reached its current position roughly 100 million years ago, and
Complete the second sentence in each pair so that it
an ever-growing list of fossil finds date from 100 to 40 million
means the same as the first.
years ago. During this time, when dinosaurs roamed the almost
subtropical forests of an ice-free Antarctic, conditions on the 1 We'd have arrived on time if our car hadn't brol<en down.
other side of the planet were even more remarkable: the Arctic Had arrived on time.
0cean was a gigantic freshwater lake infested with crocodile-
As I spend more time online, l'm finding it easier and
like reptiles.
easierto use search engines.
The most evocative image of a warm Arctic has emerged
The more to use search engines.
from the work of John Tarduno of the University of Rochester,
New York. For more than a decade, Tarduno has been hunting for 3 l'tI meet you in town untess it's raining.
fossils on Axel Heiberg lsland in the Canadian Arctic, just west of Provided in town.
Greenland. The island was already well within the Arctic Circle
4 I only recognised George because he nras wearing the
90 million years ago. His team has found bones and even partial
jacket l'd given him.
skeletons of a crocodile-like creature called a champsosaur from
lf George recognised him.
this period. The champsosaur was a fish-eating reptile up to 2.4
metres Iong that probably looked much like the gharials of lndia. 5 Skiing is more difficutt when the snow is very soft.
Because these reptiles would have relied on their environment to It isn't is very soft.
stay warm, conditions in the far north must have been far hotter
She writes songs and plays several instruments too.
than today.
Not only instruments.
{E Get Ready for your Exam 4