Page 95 - More_3_2nd_edition_Workbook

Grammar review

Past simple passive Unit 8

The Past simple passive has the following structure:
subject + Past simple of be (not) + past participle
The city was destroyed in an earthquake.
All the other tenses follow the same pattern. In the passive the action is done by the agent
(introduced by the preposition by); the subject receives the effects of the action.
The thief was arrested by the police.

Second conditional / If I were you - Giving advice Unit 9

The second conditional, like the first, consists of an if-clause + main clause. It is used when we
don’t expect the action to take place i.e. when it is a hypothetical situation. It has the following
structure:
if-clause main clause
if + subject + Past simple, subject + would / wouldn’t + base form of verb
If I had a lot of money, I would buy a beautiful house.
The meaning does not change if the main clause comes before the if-clause, but the comma
between the two clauses is omitted:
I would buy a beautiful house if I had a lot of money.
The verb in the if-clause is in the Past simple. With the Past simple of be we can also use were
instead of was in the first person singular to give advice:
If I were / was you, I wouldn’t go there.

Indefinite pronouns Unit 9

Indefinite pronouns follow the same rules as some and any: compound words with some-
are used in affirmative sentences and compound words with any- are used in negative or
interrogative sentences. No one / nobody are usually used in affirmative sentences.
There is no difference in meaning between compound words with one and compound words with
-body.
Somebody (someone) called yesterday.
Has anyone (anybody) called?
I haven’t seen anybody (anyone).
No one (nobody) was there yesterday.
Everybody (everyone) was at the party.

Pronouns ending in -thing refer to objects and things in general.
There’s something in my eye.
Is there anything good on TV tonight?
I haven’t got anything to wear to the party.
There’s nothing to eat in the house.
Everything has gone wrong today.

Infinitive of purpose Unit 10

Purpose is normally expressed by the infinitive:
I’ve come to help you.
They called to invite us.

GRAMMAR REVIEW 93