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Grammar review





                 Prepositions of place                                                                    Unit 4

                       At is used for a certain point or place:
                       at the station
                       In is used with names of cities, regions, nations, streets or squares:
                       in Europe; in Oxford street.
                       Other commonly used prepositions of place are: near, next to, in front of, opposite, on, over
                       (higher but not touching a surface), inside, outside, behind, between (refers to two persons
                       or things), among (refers to more than two persons or things).

                 Prepositions of movement                                                                 Unit 4

                       To is used with a verb of movement to indicate the direction towards:
                       She’s walking to school.

                       Into is used with a verb of motion to indicate entrance:
                       He’s going into the living room.

                       From is used with a verb of motion to indicate the starting point:
                       We have just arrived in London from Paris.
                       The phrase Where do you come from? means What’s your nationality?
                       The answer I come from Italy is the same as I am Italian.
                       Other commonly used prepositions of movement are: across (from one side to the other);
                       through (in at one side and out at the other); out of (from inside); towards (in the direction
                       of); along (in the direction of the length of).


                 Common verbs and prepositions / adverbs                                                  Unit 4

                       The meaning of the verb often changes depending on the preposition or adverb following it:
                       look at = examine / see; look for = try to find; look after = take care of; agree with = be of the
                       same opinion
                       Verbs followed by a preposition or adverb are called phrasal verbs. It is not always possible to
                       understand the meaning of a phrasal verb by translating the verb and its particle. Here are a few
                       examples of phrasal verbs:
                       pick up (take off the ground); give up (stop); look up (investigate).

                 Relative pronouns: who / which / that                                                    Unit 5

                       The relative pronouns who / that are used for people; which / that are used for things or animals:
                       I’ve got a sister who (that) sells books.
                       That’s the museum which (that) has a large collection of Renaissance paintings.

                 Question tags                                                                            Unit 5

                       Question tags are short phrases added to the end of a sentence to ask for agreement.
                       An affirmative sentence is followed by a negative question tag; a negative sentence is followed by
                       a positive question tag.
                       Study the following sentences carefully:
                       They are your friends, aren’t they?
                       She hasn’t been abroad, has she?
                       He goes to school, doesn’t he?

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