Page 336 - Ranah Studi Agraria: Penguasaan Tanah dan Hubungan Agraris

Landownership Tenancy, and ...

farming groups non agricultural employment was a primary
source of income, but for the large majority of larger owners
with non agricultural pursuits was clearly supplemental. 28

2. Tenancy Status and Source of Family Income

Differential access to sawah land through the tenancy
market was expected to help explain variations in the distri-
bution of family income sources within the sample. Data on
family income status by tenancy status and sawah owned is
presented in Table 6.22. Looking first at the landless group,
households with no access to sawah (column 1) are relatively
evenly divided in participation in both non agricultural and

farm laboring activities, with approximately one third obtain-
ing some income from both sources. Pure tenant families on
the other hand, mostly from lowland villages, stood out among
all tenancy groups in their participation in wage labor in agri-
culture, either combined with farming activities (31 percent)
or with farming and non agriculture (43 percent).
Pure tenant farmers, for the most operating less than 0.25
hectares, indicated the most diversity in income sources, per-
haps partly related to the acute seasonality in agricultural la-
bor demand in most of the lowland villages and high demand
for wage labor at peak periods.
Among the two major sawah owning groups–operators
and non operators–there was surprisingly little difference bet-
ween smaller and larger owners in major sources of family

28 The distribution of secondary income sources is shown in Ap-
pendix-Table 6.15.

267