Page 343 - Ranah Studi Agraria: Penguasaan Tanah dan Hubungan Agraris

Ranah Studi Agraria

struck also by intervillage variations related in part to tenancy
patterns discussed in Section C, cropping intensity and sawah
productivity, and to historical and locational factors affecting
the types of economic opportunities taken advantage of in spe-

cific villages. We have only begun to describe some of the varia-
tions in employment structure in this paper, explanation must
also await further analysis of the recensus data.
Concluding this section on income sources, one major
point stands out. From the respondent’s reporting of the con-
tributing of various kinds of economic activity to household
income, farming activities related to the control of sawah land
are overwhelming significance. While there has undoubtedly
had been an expansion of off farm employment activities
mainly in the trade sector, it is clear that for the majority of
households these activities only provide a secondary source
of family income. 30
Returning to some of the questions raised in the introduc-
tion to the section, it does seem that involvement of small
farmers in land tenancy arrangements is related, though not
as closely as was expected, to access to non agricultural em-
ployment opportunities. Relating the findings to micro data,
one point might be mentioned. The substantial shift of indi-

viduals out of agriculture recorded in the national survey data

30 We should reiterate, of course, the probable bias in respondents
answers, with a tendency to overstate the importance of higher
status farming activities; the above conclusions will need to be
checked from income data collected in the survey. Nevertheless,
it seems unlikely that this very dominant pattern will be altered
radically by such biases.

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