Page 342 - Ranah Studi Agraria: Penguasaan Tanah dan Hubungan Agraris

Landownership Tenancy, and ...

cropping is most intensive and yields high compared with other
villages. The one exception is upland Village VI (Gunungwangi)
where over 50 percent of even the larger owners (0.5 ha and
above) are involved in farm labor, many of them temporarily

migrating at harvest and cultivation time to nearby villages.
Partly because of the diversified agricultural base in the up-
land villages, we find very few households involve in pure farm
laboring or pure non agricultural activities, quite a high pro-
portion even of landless households combining these pursuits
with agriculture.
With respect of major sources of family income (Appen-
dix-Table 6.17.), farm laboring is only important among land-
less in the lowland (though also of some significance in Village
VI mentioned above). Village III (Gemarang) stands out once
again with over fifty percent of landless households depend-
ing on farm laboring as a major income source. Farming is of
overwhelming significance among all sawah owning groups,
the one major exception being Village VII (Malausma) in which
quite a high proportion of even the larger farmers obtained
most of their family income from trade in Semarang, many of
these families presumably involved in land leasing arrange-
ments. Mention might also be made of white collar work in

Sukaambit (Village V) conducted by around 15–20 percent of
households in all land owning classes (even the landless), and
probably a major explanation for the predominance of ten-
ancy contracts in this village as note in Section C.
In general, looking at the data by village, there is no doubt
that some of the marked lowland-upland contrasts noted in
the baseline studies continue prevail. Nevertheless, one is

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