Page 777 - Environment: The Science Behind the Stories

Roman Catholic Church, 222 seafloor topography, 439–440 Smith, Jennifer, 29f
Roman Empire, environmental degradation, 23 seafood smog, 482–483, 482f
Ronsiek, Nate, 243 aquaculture, 269–270 industrial, 482
Roosevelt, Theodore, 156f, 341 mercury contamination in, 455 photochemical, 483
Rose, George, 438 purchasing choices, 460, 460f reducing, 484, 486
rosy periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus), 310 seasons, 471f weather and, 483
Roubik, Dave, 272 seawalls, 40–41 Smokey Bear, 338
Roundup Ready crops, 282, 283 second law of thermodynamics, smoking, 382f
Rowland, F. Sherwood, 488–489, 488f 48–49 snags, 327
r-selected species, 87 secondary consumers, 98–99, 99f snakes, 72f
runoff, 139 secondary extraction, 552, 552f social equity, 174–175
run-of-river technique, 592, 594f secondary forest, 330 social factors
rural areas, 355f secondary pollutants, 475 demographic change and, 227
Russia secondary production, 129 environmental policy, 186
boreal forest, 117, 117f secondary succession, 103, 103f, 106 minerals, 665
environmental footprint, 231t secondary treatment, 432 social influence, 27
Kyoto Protocol, 528 sediment, 54f, 55 social sciences, 26
minerals, 656f succession, 106 socially responsible investing, 173
tundra, 116, 116f water pollution, 430 Socolow, Robert, 527
uranium disposal, 582 sedimentary rock, 54f, 55–56, 55f sodium, 42t
Rwanda seed banks, 271, 271f soil, 22, 232–260, 234, 327f
ecological footprint, 32f seed-tree system, 336, 336f cation exchange capacity, 239
emigration, 218 seismic surveys, fossil fuel deposit, 548–549, color, 238
548f, 549f conservation, 239–250
selection systems, 336, 336f erosion rates, 57f
S selective breeding, 70, 70f as foundation for agriculture, 234–236
Safe Drinking Water Act, 181, 187, 194, 195 septic systems, 432 irrigation, 250–251
safe harbor agreements, 314 Sequoia National Park, 341 organic and inorganic components, 236f
Sagan, Carl, 27 Serengeti, 292f, 293–294 organic farming, 276f
Sahara Desert, Africa, 115 Maasai eviction, 320, 344 pH, 238
salinity, ocean water, 441 wildlife declines, 304–305 profile, 237–238
salinization, 251–253 services. See goods/services regional differences in, agriculture and, 239
salt marshes, 448, 448f sex ratio, 81, 217 structure, 238
salt water, 440–441 Seychelles Magpie Robin, 313f as system, 236–239
salts, 44, 371f shade-grown coffee, 91 texture, 238, 238f
salvage logging, 339, 342–343 shale gas, 180, 181f, 552 Soil and Water Conservation Act, 194
Salwasser, Hal, 343 shale oil, 543 soil conservation, 239–250
Sampat, Payal, 627 Shanghai, China, 206f international, 243–244
San Andreas Fault, 52 sharks, 72f programs promoting, 256–257
San Francisco, California, 58 potential medical benefits, 311f Soil Conservation Act of 1935, 242–243
bicyclists, 363f Shatford, Jeffrey, 343 Soil Conservation Service (SCS), 242–244
sand, 238, 238f. See also oil sands Shell Oil Company, 561 soil degradation, 240, 240f, 242f
mining, 656 Shellenberger, Michael, 195 grazing practices and, 250f
sanitary landfills, 631–633, 631f shelterbelts, 244, 245f protecting against, 240
sanitation, disease and, 383f shelterwood system, 336, 336f soil formation
Saro-Wiwa, Ken, 561 Shiva, Vandana, 262 value, 170f
savanna, 115, 115f Shoreham Nuclear Power Plant, 584 soil profile, 237, 237f
Scandinavia shoreline, salt marshes lining temperate, 448 solar cookers, 607f
boreal forest, 117 shrub layer, 327f Solar Decathlon, 679, 679f
tundra, 116 sick-building syndrome, 496 solar energy, 470–471, 503f, 598f, 605f,
Scheer, Hermann, 599 Sierra Club, 156f 606–612, 606f, 610f
Schindler, David, 129–130 Sierra de Manantlan Biosphere Reserve, Mexico, active, 606–607
Schmeiser, Percy, 286f 270–271 benefits, 609
Schulte, David, 136f Sierra Nevada, California, 390 campus initiatives, 679f
science, 27 Silent Spring (Carson, Rachel), 192, 192f, concentrating, 607
ecology, 78 386–387 costs, 611–612
environmental policy and, 182f, 187 silicon, 41 development, impact of, 610–611
nature of, 27–31 percentage of earth, 42t drawbacks, 610–612
paradigm shifts, 31 silt, 238, 238f in Germany, 598f, 599–600
sustainability and, 20–38 “sin taxes,” 199 growth, 608–609
testing ideas, 29 single large or several small dilemma. See location, 611
scientific method, 28–30, 30f SLOSS dilemma ocean water structure, 441–442
research team, 30f sink, 135 passive, 606
scientific process and, 30f sinkholes, 417, 417f polar regions, 470f
scientific process, 30–31, 30f Skelos Dean G., 180 PV cells, 608–609
scientific value, 169f slash-and-burn agriculture, 239 solar output, 506
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, SLOSS (single large or several small) dilemma, solar radiation
San Diego, 29f 347 Milankovitch cycles and, 505–506, 505f
scrubbers, 477, 479f smallmouth bass, 104, 105f variance, 612f
sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), 97, 97f smart growth, 362–363, 363t Solar Two power tower facility, 607f
I-18 sea otter, 102, 102f Smith, Adam, 161 solution mining, 661

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