Page 377 - Essentials of Human Communication

356 Index

Transactional communication model, 5, 5f anonymous, 74–75 Videotapes in informative speech, 270t
Transformational approach to leadership, assertiveness and, 75–77 Violence, 165
200 confirmation and, 78–80, 79t Virtual groups/teams, 176
Transgendered, forms of address for, 85 connotation and, 70 Visual aids, 268–274
Transitions in speeches, 243 cooperation and, 77 Visual channel of communication, 8
Transmission, of nonverbal cultural identifiers in, 83–85 Visual imagery in public speaking, 238
communication, 94 culture and, 77–78 Visualization, 230, 290, 290t
Transparencies in informative speech, 270t of deceit, 71–72 Vividness, 237–238, 238t
Transvestites, forms of address for, 85 denotation and, 70 Vocabulary
Trolling, in small groups, 196 directness and, 73, 77–78 culture and, 77, 83–85
Truth bias, 72 disconfirmation and, 78–80, 79t racist, 80
Turn-denying cues, 124, 124f empathy and, 77 sexist, 82–83
Turn-maintaining cues, 124, 124f extensional devices and, 86 Vocal channel of communication, 8
Turn-requesting cues, 124, 124f extensional orientation to, 85 Voice, in speeches, 250–252
Turn-taking cues, 96, 123–125 factual, 86–87 Volume, in speech delivery, 250
Turn-yielding cues, 124, 124f gender and, 73, 74, 78, 82–83
Tweeting, 148 heterosexism and, 80–81 Weasel words, 60t
Twitter, self-image and, 26 homophobic, 80–81 Whiteboards in informative speech, 270t
indirectness and, 73 Willingness of audience, 217–218
Uncertainty indiscrimination and, 87 Win-lose situations, 161, 162
of perceptions, reducing, 41–42 inferential, 86–87 Win-win situations, 162
predictability and, 42 integration of with nonverbal Word charts in informative speech, 269,
Uncertainty avoidance, 17 messages, 93–94 269f
persuasive speeches and, 289 intensional orientation to, 85 Word choice
Understanding manner of, 77 in cultural identification, 83–85
in small groups, 197–198 meaning and, 70 racist, 80
as stage of listening, 51f, 52 netiquette and, 74t sexist, 82–83
Unfilled pauses, 251 nonallness orientation to, 86 in speeches, 237–240, 238t
Unknown self, 27f, 28 Omoiyari and, 77 Workplace
Unpopular thesis, 216, 217 online politeness and, 73–74 culture and, 17, 17t
Unrepeatability of communication, 10t, onymous, 74 messages and, 6–7
15 peaceful relations and, 77 networking in, 148–149
Upward communication, workplace polarization and, 87–88 problem-solving in, 186–188
messages and, 7 politeness and, 73–74, 78 relationships in, 146–147
principles of, 70–85, 85–89 risks of self-disclosure and, 33, 33t
Values purr words, 70 romance in, 146–147
audience sociology and, 217t racist, 80 rules of, 151–152
persuasive speeches and, 287 relation of, 77 short- and long-term orientation and,
question of, 300–301, 305t Sassuru and, 77 17, 17t
Verbal abuse, 146 self-denigration and, 77 spatial distance in, 102, 104
Verbal messages, 61, 69–89. See also Con- sexism and, 82–83 Written works, references to, self-image
versation; Language; Public speaking snarl words, 70 and, 26
abstraction and, 71 static evaluation and, 88–89 Written-style expressions, 238
ageism and, 81–82 truth bias and, 72
allness orientation to, 85–86 Verbs in public speaking, 238 You-messages, 166