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加中金融

关于城镇化（城市化）的几点相关认识

Remarks on Urbanization

【作者】 贾康博士：中国第十一届、十二届全国政协委员，华夏新供给经
济学研究院院长。曾长期担任财政部财政科学研究所所长。贾康博士是孙
冶方经济学奖、黄达—蒙代尔经济学奖和中国软科学大奖获得者。

About the author. Dr. Kang Jia, member of CPPCC, the President of China
Academy of New Supply-side Economics. He was the President of the
Research Institute of Fiscal Science of Ministry of Finance. He obtained
many prestigious prizes in economic research.

我想介绍的首先是在城市化这个概念下怎么认识它和国内 The first thing I would like to touch is understanding the
经济大循环的关系。对于这个问题，我的看法是，城市化 relationship between urbanization and the domestic economic
在它的实际演变过程中要不断体现为不动产形成及在其发 cycle under the concept of urbanization. My view is that
展中间支撑整个经济社会生活的作用。城市化意味着要形 urbanization must continue to be reflected in the formation of
real estate and to support the entire economic and social life.
成一个不动产的大集群，而这种不动产的特点，就是没有 Urbanization means the construction of a large cluster of real
位移，它会带来我们所说中心区域地段因素决定的不动产 estate, with the characteristic of no displacement. It will bring
价值升高，且在城市化高速发展期没有完成之前不断升值 up a trend that the real estate value determined by the central
这个基本趋势。那么在实际生活中跟它相关联的，首先是 area’s factors will continue to appreciate before the rapid
基础设施建设、房地产业、公共服务设施的配套，再以此 urbanization period is completed. It is related to infrastructure
来支撑整个区域的产业集群与社会生活。这样的一套关 construction, real estate, and public service facilities to support
系，决定着我们能否适应本土的内循环，其意义是非常重 the industrial clusters and social life of the entire region. Such
大的。与城市化的发展直接关联的，可以认为是房地产 a set of relationships determines whether we can adapt to the
local internal circulation, which is of great significance. The
业、建筑业这种国民经济的支柱产业，进而再支撑着整个 development of urbanization is one of the pillar industries of the
产业集群和整个经济社会生活，而且其间生活品质还要不 national economy, which in turn support the entire industrial
断提高，这才能形成高质量发展、升级版发展，才能不断 cluster and the whole of economic and social life. The quality
满足人民美好生活的需要。 of life will continue to improve. Only an upgraded version can
be formed to continuously meet the people’s needs for a better
于是以本土城市化的不断发展形成内循环为主体、内外循 life.
环相互促进的这个新发展格局，在逻辑上就连接在一起
了。当然，本土不动产和相关的大集群形成也和外循环有 Therefore, the continuous development of local urbanization
密切关系。我们自己内部可以提供的产能，体现为比较优 forms a new development pattern within internal circulation. Of
course, if you look at the formation of local real estate and
势，同时也体现为和内外循环相互积极促进的过程，那么 related large clusters, it is also closely associated with the
从不动产的概念来说，也会有外循环来对接：比如我们的 external circulation. The capacity provided internally is
一些本土产能里，现在有外资进来建设的这样世界上最大 reflected in comparative advantage, and also be reflected in the
规模的外商投资单体工厂—特斯拉汽车，它是要占据相当 process of actively promoting each other with internal and
可观的一片不动产的。从消费住房来看，好的区域里也会 external circulation. Then from the concept of real estate, there
有外国人进来，他们希望能够买或租房子来享受生活，比 will also be external circulation to connect. For example, in
如西湖边上的别墅，不光是中国人住，有些外国人只要有 some of local production capacity, the world’s largest foreign-
可能，他也会出手买或租来住，也就会形成这种大的经济 invested monomer plant, like Tesla Motors, which is now built
by foreign capital, will occupy a substantial piece of real estate.
供需循环。从这个意义上，要充分肯定城市化的过程中相 From the perspective of consumer housing, foreigners will also
关的投资与消费对于整个经济社会发展的引擎作用，也就 come in right areas. They hope to buy or rent houses to enjoy
是人们所说的城市化推进过程是我们的动力源。 their lives. For example, the villas on the edge of the West Lake
are occupied by Chinese people, but some foreigners will buy
them and rent them as long possible, which will form a sizeable
economic supply and demand cycle. In this sense, it is necessary
to fully affirm the role of related investment and consumption
in urbanization as the engine of the entire economic and social
development, which is what people call the process of
urbanization as our source of power.

CCFA JOURNAL OF FINANCE DECEMBER 2020
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